Search Results
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c. 1400 BCEThe beginning of Celtic culture in the upper Danube region of central Europe.
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c. 1200 BCE - c. 450 BCEWidest date range accepted by scholars for the Hallstatt culture in central Europe.
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c. 900 BCECeltic Migration begins in Europe with many Celts landing in Scotland.
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c. 800 BCE - c. 600 BCEThe Early Iron Age Hallstatt culture is at its peak in central Europe.
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c. 700 BCEIron Age begins in Scotland.
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600 BCECelts settle Iberia.
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c. 600 BCEThe Hirschlanden Warrior, a sandstone representation of a Celtic Warrior from Ludwigsburg, Germany, is made.
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550 BCE - 500 BCEThe creation of the Hallstatt culture Horchdorf burial in southern Germany.
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c. 500 BCEThe creation of the Hallstatt culture Vix burial in northeast France.
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c. 475 BCECelts defeat the Etruscans at the Ticino River.
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c. 450 BCE - c. 50 BCEPeriod of the La Tène culture in northern/western/central Europe.
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c. 450 BCEThe La Tène culture replaces the Hallstatt culture as the dominant regional culture in central Europe.
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400 BCECelts enter Italy and settle in the Po Valley.
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396 BCECelts defeat an Etruscan army at the battle of Melpum. Afterwards the Celts heavily settle all over the Po Valley.
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391 BCESenones besiege Clusium, an Etruscan city.
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c. 390 BCE"Gallic Catastrophe:" Brennus of the Senones defeats the Romans at Allia, and subsequently sacks Rome.
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380 BCECeltic groups, possibly from northern Italy and the eastern Alps, begin to raid Illyrian territories.
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367 BCECeltic mercenaries fight with the Spartans against Thebes.
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367 BCELivy mentions Celtic armies in Ancona and one such group moves against Rome once more.
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335 BCEAlexander the Great receives Celtic ambassadors in the Balkans.
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334 BCERome signs a peace treaty with the Senones tribe.
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323 BCEAlexander the Great receives Celtic delegations in Babylon.
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297 BCECelts and Samnites join forces and defeat the Romans at Camertium.
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c. 295 BCEIn a battle lasting all day, Romans narrowly defeat a force of Celts and Samnites at Sentinum.
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285 BCERoman forces heavily defeat the Senones at Lake Vadimo.
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285 BCE - 282 BCERome defeats the Celts in Italy. Rome's dominance in central Italy is secured.
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284 BCEGauls of the Insubres and Boii tribes defeat the Romans at Arretium.
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283 BCERome decisively defeats the Senones at Picenum.
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283 BCERomans defeat the Etruscans and Celts at lake Vadimo.
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282 BCEA Celtic army with many youth among their ranks is again defeated by Romans.
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280 BCECelts join with Pyrrhus, aiding in his victory over the Romans at Heraclea.
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279 BCEGauls attack the sanctuary of Delphi.
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279 BCECelts stay with Pyrrhus and fight in the Epirote army at Asculum, a victory over the Romans.
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279 BCECelts invade Thrace and Anatolia.
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277 BCE - 276 BCE4,000 Celts are employed in Egypt under Ptolemy II.
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275 BCESeleucids successfully defeat the Galatian Celts in the 'Elephant Battle'.
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c. 263 BCEAntaros and 3000 Celts fight with Carthage in the First Punic War.
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261 BCEAntiochus I Soter of the Seleucid Empire killed in battle against the Galatians at Ephesus in Asia Minor.
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c. 260 BCETimaeos is the first to use the term 'Celtiberian' when refering to Celts living in Iberia.
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259 BCECelts in Egypt fail to overthrow Ptolemy II and are starved to death on an island.
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c. 237 BCE - 241 BCEAttalus I of Pergamon defeats the Galatians at the headwaters of the Caioc River.
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232 BCEAttalos I defeats the Galatians a second time.
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225 BCETwo Roman armies surround and defeat a Celtic army at Telamon.
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225 BCECelts defeat 6000 Romans at Faesulae and proceed to overrun Etruria.
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223 BCERomans successfully campaign against Celtic tribes of Cisalpine Gaul.
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222 BCEThe Celts are defeated at Clastidium by Roman forces.
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218 BCEThe Aegosages Celts enter Anatolia under Attalos of Pergamon.
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217 BCE14,000 Celts serve under Ptolemy IV in his victory at Raphia over the Seleucid King Antiochus III.
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c. 217 BCE - 218 BCE30,000 Celtic infantry and 4,000 Celtic cavalry join Hannibal. Celts constitute just over 50% of his army in Italy.
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217 BCEPrusias of Bithynia in Asia Minor massacres the Aegosages including the women and children.
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c. 215 BCE - c. 216 BCEThe Boii crush a Roman army 25,000 strong at Litana. Victory was, in part, achieved by pushing precariously cut trees down atop the horrified Romans as they marched.
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212 BCEThe Celtic kingdom of Tylis in Thrace is overthrown by native Thracians. Cavaros is the last ruler of the small kingdom.
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200 BCE - 100 BCEOppida (Celtic fortified tribal centers) were constructed in Iron Age Europe
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c. 200 BCEIron in the Celtic world experiences a significant boom. Iron manufacturing increase in all facets of life such as weapon construction and agriculture items.
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193 BCEThe Boii are defeated by the Romans, suffering, according to Livy, 14,000 dead.
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137 BCE4,000 Celtiberians trap a force of 20,000 Romans at Numantia forcing their surrender.
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133 BCENumantia falls to the Romans who besiege the oppidum. Mass suicide ensues among many of the survivors. Land reforms by Tiberius Gracchus.
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125 BCERome intervenes on behalf of Massalia against the Saluvii Celts.
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106 BCEThe governor of the Roman province of Macedonia, M. Minucius Rufus, celebrates his victory over a raid of the Dacians allied with the Celtic tribe of the Scordiscii in the Balkans.
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82 BCE - 46 BCELife of Vercingetorix.
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64 BCEGalatia becomes a client state of Rome.
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c. 60 BCEBoii in eastern Europe crushed by the Dacians.
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58 BCE - 51 BCEJulius Caesar's conquest of Gaul.
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58 BCECaesar attacks the Helvetii while on migration and defeats them.
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57 BCEA Roman army under Caesar narrowly defeats an army of Nervii, Atrebates, and Viromandui.
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56 BCEThe navies of Rome and the Veneti Gauls clash resulting in a Roman victory. This is the first recorded naval battle in the Atlantic Ocean.
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54 BCE - 53 BCEAmbiorix of the Eburones tribe destroys around 9,000 Roman soldiers at Atuatuca.
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52 BCEJulius Caesar is defeated at Gergovia by Vercingetorix.
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52 BCEAfter becoming trapped and besieged at Alesia, Vercingetorix surrenders to Caesar.
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52 BCECaesar sacks the city of Avaricum.
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c. 51 BCE - c. 30 BCE300 Celts serve as elite bodyguards for Cleopatra VII during her reign.
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51 BCECaesar's siege and capture of Uxellodunum ends the Gallic War.
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46 BCEThe Bellovaci unsuccessfully rise against Roman rule in Belgica.
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44 BCEThe Allobroges unsuccessfully rise against Roman rule in southern Gaul.
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33 BCEThe Belgic Morini and the Celts of Aquitania unsuccessfully rise against Roman rule.
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4 BCEAt the funeral of Herod II, his Celtic bodyguards are in attendance.
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59 CEThe druid centre on Anglesey is systematically attacked by a Roman army.
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60 CE - 61 CEBoudicca revolts, the Legio II Augusta does not respond to a call to arms.
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c. 1100 CEThe Lebor Gabála Erenn ('Book of invasions') recounts, through tales of mythology, the ancient and medieval history of Ireland.