Biography
Michael is an educator based in the United States. He holds a degree in history and education. His subjects of interest include social and cultural change over time, the everyday experiences of people throughout history, and the study of the past to understand the present.
Education
- B.A. History & Education
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Contributions
Definition
Carolingian Dynasty
The Carolingian Dynasty (751-887) was a family of Frankish nobles who ruled Francia and its successor kingdoms in Western and...
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Division of the Carolingian Empire
Map of the Carolingian Empire following its division in 843 by the Treaty of Verdun. At the death of Emperor Louis...
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Division of the Carolingian Empire in 898
Map of the former Carolingian Empire in 898 following its collapse in 887 as a result of the deposition of...
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Portrait of Louis the Pious
17th-century portrait of Louis the Pious, Holy Roman Emperor and King of the Franks (r. 814-840), by an unknown creator...
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Coin Depiction of Louis the Pious
9th-century silver coin depicting Louis the Pious, Holy Roman Emperor and King of the Franks (r. 814-840). The...
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Illustration of Lothar I, Holy Roman Emperor
Illustration of an enthroned Lothar I, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 840-855), King of Middle Francia (Lotharingia...
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Illustration of Charles the Bald, Holy Roman Emperor
Illustration of an enthroned Charles the Bald, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 875-877 CE), King of West Francia...
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Emperor Charles the Fat & King Louis III the Younger of East Francia
Engraved portrait of Kings of East Francia Charles the Fat (r. 876-887 CE), Holy Roman...
Definition
Investiture Controversy
The Investiture Controversy, also referred to as the Investiture Contest or Investiture Dispute, was a conflict lasting...
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Berengar II of Italy’s Submission to Otto the Great
Berengar II (r. 950–961) of Italy submits to Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (962-973), labelled here as...
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Division of the Carolingian Empire in 843 & 870 CE
Map of the Carolingian empire following its division in the 9th Century CE. The Treaty of Verdun in...
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Coronation of Charlemagne
The Coronation of Charlemagne, 1861 CE, by Friedrich Kaulbach (1822-1903 CE). The painting depicts the crowning of Charlemange...
Translations
| English Original | Language | Translation | Translator |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carolingian Dynasty | German | Karolinger | Marina Wrackmeyer |
| Carolingian Dynasty | Spanish | Dinastía carolingia | Eliana Rua Boiero |
| Matilda of Tuscany | French | Mathilde de Toscane | Babeth Étiève-Cartwright |
| Investiture Controversy | Dutch | Investituurstrijd | Theo Poot |
| Investiture Controversy | Portuguese | Controvérsia da Investidura | Jose Monteiro Queiroz-Neto |
| Investiture Controversy | French | Querelle des Investitures | Babeth Étiève-Cartwright |
| Carolingian Dynasty | French | Dynastie Carolingienne | Babeth Étiève-Cartwright |
| Carolingian Dynasty | Portuguese | Dinastia Carolíngia | Jose Monteiro Queiroz-Neto |
| Matilda of Tuscany | Italian | Matilde di Toscana | Alessandra Balielo |
