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An Officer of the 4th Regiment of Foot, 1776-1780 by English portrait painter Thomas Gainsborough (l. c. 1727-1788), presently in the National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne, Australia. Typical of portraits of the time which frequently featured...

Picture of a hutong in Beijing (2008). A hutong is a narrow street or alley, most commonly associated with Beijing.

Original edition of Arthur de Gobineau's (1816-1882 CE) An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races. 1853 CE. Library of the National Museum of Natural History, Paris.

This auroch was made of glazed terracotta bricks and once decorated part of the processional street at Babylon. From Babylon, Mesopotamia, Iraq. Reign of King Nebuchadnezzar II, 604-562 BCE. (Istanbul Archeological Museums/Ancient Orient...

This piece was found at the throne of Akurgal, King of Lagash. First dynasty of Lagash, early dynastic period, circa 2500 BCE. From Girsu (modern Tell Telloh), Sumer, southern Mesopotamia, Iraq. (Istanbul Archaeological Museums/Ancient Orient...

An illustration by Maia Kobabe showing a typical scholar of the 17th to 18th centuries. From the novel The Jericho River by David Tollen.

The weapons of an English medieval knight in combat included the long sword, wooden lance with an iron tip, metal-headed mace, battle-axe, and dagger. Trained since childhood and practised at tournaments, the skilled knight could inflict...

An English medieval castle, if a large one, could have a household staff of at least 50 people, which included all manner of specialised and skilled workers such as cooks, grooms, carpenters, masons, falconers, and musicians, as well as a...

English medieval knights wore metal armour of iron or steel to protect themselves from archers and the long swords of opponents. From the 9th century CE, chain mail suits gave protection and freedom of movement until solid plate armour became...

If one was looking to enjoy a fine meal in the medieval world then the best place to find a handsomely laid dinner table was in the local castle. There, in the magnificent Great Hall, feasts were regularly served for the local lord and his...