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A mid-15th century CE manuscript illustration showing an audience with Mongke Khan, ruler of the Mongol Empire from 1251 to 1259 CE. From the 'Tarikh-i Jahangushay-i Juvaini' by Ata-Malik Juvayni (1226-1283 CE). (National Library of France...

A 7th century CE court scene showing Emperor Taizong (r. 626-649 CE) receiving a Tibetan ambassador. By the famed Tang dynasty court painter Yan Liben (c. 600-673 CE).

Two men taking an X-ray with an early Crookes tube apparatus from the late 1800s. Illustration from The X-ray, or Photography of the Invisible and its Value in Surgery by William J. Morton and Edwin W. Hammer. American Technical Book Company...

This limestone altar was dedicated to the temple of the god Sibitti by the Assyrian King Sargon II. From Dur-Sharrukin (modern Khorsabad, Ninawa Governorate, Iraq), Mesopotamia. Neo-Assyrian era, 721-705 BCE. (Istanbul Archeological Museums/Ancient...

This alabaster bas-relief depicts a human-headed and winged man, Apkallu or Sage, carrying a goat. He wears a sandal carries a goat with his left arm and what appears to be a palm branch in his right hand. Note the prominent muscular and...

This Attic red-figure vase depicts an aulos player accompanying a female dancer. There is a kithara suspended in between them. National Archaeological Museum 1187

An 18th century CE engraving by Jacques Gabriel Huquier illustrating an audience with a Chinese emperor. (The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York)

Illustrations of fish off the coast of New Guinea in William Dampier's (1651-1715) book, A Continuation of a Voyage to New Holland.

A sketch of an armed pirate from the Golden Age of Piracy by Howard Pyle (1853-1911). From Howard Pyle's Book of Pirates: Fiction, Fact & Fancy Concerning the Buccaneers & Marooners of the Spanish Main, New York, Harper and Brothers.

An unidentified African-American man lynched from a tree. Photograph by National Photo Company, 1925. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.