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Adad Nirari I
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Adad Nirari I

Adad Nirari I (r. 1307-1275 BCE) was the king of the Assyrian Empire who initiated the first major expansion of the Assyrian kingdom from the city of Ashur throughout the region of Mesopotamia. He also instituted what would become standard...
Assyria
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Assyria

Assyria was the region located in the ancient Near East which, under the Neo-Assyrian Empire, reached from Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq) through Asia Minor (modern Turkey) and down through Egypt. The empire began modestly at the city of Ashur...
Semiramis
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Semiramis

Semiramis is a legendary queen thought to based on the historical Sammu-Ramat (r. 811-806 BCE) the queen regent of the Assyrian Empire who held the throne for her young son Adad Nirari III until he reached maturity. She is also known as Shammuramat...
Stela of King Shamshi-Adad V
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Stela of King Shamshi-Adad V

Stela of the Assyrian king Shamshi-Adad V (r. 824-811 BCE), from Nimrud (ancient Kalhu), modern-day northern Iraq, Neo-Assyrian Empire, 824-811 BCE. It depicts the king, before the symbols of his principal gods. He extends his right hand...
Stela of the Assyrian King Adad Nirari III
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Stela of the Assyrian King Adad Nirari III

Stela of Adad Nirari III, erected by one of the king's local governors, Nergal-Eres, found in Saba, Neo-Assyrian Empire, 810-783 BCE. The stela features the Assyrian King Adad Nirari III praying in front of god symbols, and the inscriptions...
Stone Foundation Document  of King Adad-Nirari I
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Stone Foundation Document of King Adad-Nirari I

Rectangular stone foundation document of the Assyrian king Adad-Nirari I. It recounts the king's victories over the Mitanni, who had failed to gain Hittite support, and the extension of Assyrian rule west to the Euphrates. The stone appears...
Stela of Shamshi-Adad V
Image by The British Museum

Stela of Shamshi-Adad V

The limestone Stela of Shamshi-Adad V. Neo-Assyrian, 815-811 BCE. The king is shown giving a gesture of blessing before five divine symbols: Anu's three-horned crown (top), a winged-disk, disk and crescent, fork, and Ishtar's 8-pointed star...
Foundation Inscription of Adad-nirari I
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Foundation Inscription of Adad-nirari I

During the renovation work of the temple of Ishtar, the Assyrian king Tukulti-Ninurta I (r. 1243–1207 BCE) found a stone tablet among the foundations with an inscription by his grandfather Adad-nirari I (1295–1264 BCE). On the inscription...
Tablet of King Nur-Adad
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Tablet of King Nur-Adad

This partially broken document mentions the name of King Nur-Adad, king of Larsa, 1921-1905 BCE. (The Sulaimaniya Museum, Iraq).
Sammu-Ramat and Semiramis: The Inspiration and the Myth
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Sammu-Ramat and Semiramis: The Inspiration and the Myth

Sammu-Ramat (r. 811-806 BCE) was the queen regent of the Assyrian Empire who held the throne for her young son Adad Nirari III (r. 811-783 BCE) until he reached maturity. She is also known as Shammuramat, Sammuramat, and, most notably, as...
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