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A Short History of Assyria and the Neo-Assyrian Empire
Assyria has a long history, beginning in northern Mesopotamia and then expanding during the Neo-Assyrian Empire from Mesopotamia through Asia Minor, and down through Egypt. The empire began in the city of Ashur and went through many different...
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Auroch at the Processional Way of Babylon
This is an Auroch (or bull), the symbol of the god Adad, at the processional way (or street) of the ancient city of Babylon, in modern-day Iraq. Neo-Babylonian period, reign of Nebuchadnezzar II, 6th century BCE.
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Assyrian Door-sill
The cuneiform inscription gives the name and genealogy of Adad-nirari III (reigned 810-783 BCE) and was written in doorways of a palace built during his reign. Assyrian, 9th-8th centuries BCE. From Nimrud (ancient Kalhu, Mesopotamia), Upper...
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Cradles of Civilization - Assyria
In the final part of his Near East lecture, Dr. David Neiman discusses the Assyrian civilization that eventually came to dominate the Near East in the late second millennium BCE. He details the archives found at Mari and Nuzi, and ends with...
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Nanna - Mesopotamian God of the Moon and Wisdom
Nanna (also known as Nannar, Nanna-Suen, Sin, Asimbabbar, Namrasit, Inbu) is the Mesopotamian god of the moon and wisdom. He is one of the oldest gods in the Mesopotamian pantheon and is first mentioned at the very dawn of writing in Sumer...
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Inanna - The Most Popular Goddess of Ancient Mesopotamia
Inanna is the ancient Sumerian goddess of love, sensuality, fertility, procreation, and also of war. She later became identified by the Akkadians and Assyrians as the goddess Ishtar, and further with the Hittite Sauska, the Phoenician Astarte...
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Enki - The Tricky Sumerian God of Wisdom
Enki (also known as Ea, Enkig, Dis, Nagbu, Nissiku Nudimmud) was the Sumerian god of wisdom, freshwater, intelligence, trickery and mischief, crafts, magic, exorcism, healing, creation, virility, fertility, and art. Iconography depicts him...
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Near East - A Modern Term for an Ancient Land
The 'Near East' is a modern-age term for the region formerly known as the 'Middle East,' comprising Armenia, Cyprus, Egypt, Iraq, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Syria, and part of Turkey, corresponding to ancient Urartu, Mesopotamia...
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Ninurta - The Sumerian Hero-God of War
Ninurta (identified with Ningirsu, Pabilsag, and the biblical Nimrod) is the Sumerian and Akkadian hero-god of war, hunting, and the south wind. He first appears in texts in the early 3rd millennium BCE as an agricultural god and local deity...
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Elam - The Ancient High Country
Elam was a region in the Near East corresponding to the modern-day provinces of Ilam and Khuzestan in southern Iran (though it also included part of modern-day southern Iraq) whose civilization spanned thousands of years from circa 3200 to...