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Kaiser's Order for Mobilisation in WWI
A photograph showing a German officer announcing Kaiser Wilhelm II's decisions to mobilise troops on 1 August 1914 at the beginning of the First World War (1914-18).
Imperial War Museums, London.
Definition
Medieval Knight
Knights were the most-feared and best-protected warriors on the medieval battlefield, while off it, they were amongst the most fashionably dressed and best-mannered members of society. To reach this elevated position, however, became more...
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The Military Crusader Orders, 11-13 Century
An infographic showing the Military Crusader Orders which emerged as unique institutions blending monastic devotion with martial duty. Founded in the wake of the First Crusade (1096–1099), their primary purpose was to protect pilgrims and...
Definition
German Crusade 1197-8 CE
The German Crusade of 1197 CE, also known as the 'Emperor's Crusade', was led by the Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI (r. 1191-1197 CE). Although the emperor died on his way east, his army did capture Beirut from the forces of the Ayyubid dynasty...
Video
Ancient Roman Society and Social Order
Rome began as a small city on the banks of the Tiber River in Italy. The Latin tribes (also known as the Latini or Latians) inhabited the region c. 1000 BCE but the founding of the city is dated to 753 BCE. The family was the center and foundation...
Article
Medieval Knights: 12 of the Best
The knights of medieval Europe were meant to be the finest fighting men of their age, even more important, they were expected to be pure in thought and deed, as exemplified in the chivalrous code which they (usually) followed. Here are the...
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The Classical Orders of Architecture - From Greece to Rome, the Five Pillars of Architectural Design
The five classical orders of architecture: Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Tuscan, and Composite, form a codified system of proportion, decoration, and structural logic that emerged in the Greek world (c. 7th–4th centuries BCE) and was later adapted...
Article
Ten Juneteenth Myths
The celebration of Juneteenth – originally known as "Freedom Day" – began on 1 January 1866 in Texas and, since then, a number of myths have grown up around the event it commemorates: the issuance of General Order No. 3 in Galveston Texas...
Interview
Interview: Dithmarschen Republic
Located in what is the present-day German province of Schleswig-Holstein, the Dithmarschen Republic (1227-1559) was a republic by commoners who developed quasi-democratic institutions, including their own written constitution. Fiercely independent...
Definition
Medieval Castle
Medieval castles were built from the 11th century CE for rulers to demonstrate their wealth and power to the local populace, to provide a place of defence and safe retreat in the case of attack, defend strategically important sites like river...