The Julio-Claudian Dynasty
Augustus as Pontifex Maximus (Detail)
Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA)
Augustus 16 Jan 27 BCE - 19 Aug 14 CE
Tiberius, Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek
Cnyborg (CC BY-SA)
Tiberius 18 Sep 14 CE - 16 Mar 37 CE
Caligula, Ny Carlsberg Glypotek
Carole Raddato (CC BY-SA)
Caligula 18 Mar 37 CE - 24 Jan 41 CE
Claudius Bust, Milan
Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA)
Claudius 25 Jan 41 CE - 13 Oct 54 CE
Roman Emperor Nero
cjh1452000 (CC BY-SA)
Nero 13 Oct 54 CE - 11 Jun 68 CE
Roman Emperor Galba
Carole Raddato (CC BY-SA)
Galba 8 Jun 68 CE - 15 Jan 69 CE
Roman Emperor Otho
Mary Harrsch (Photographed at the Musèe du Louvre) (CC BY-NC-SA)
Otho 15 Jan 69 CE - 16 Apr 69 CE
Vitellius, Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek
Carole Raddato (CC BY-SA)
Vitellius 17 Apr 69 CE - 20 Dec 69 CE
The Flavian Dynasty
Roman Emperor Vespasian, Palazzo Massimo
Carole Raddato (CC BY-SA)
Vespasian 26 Dec 69 CE - 23 Jun 79 CE
Titus Bust, Vatican Museums
Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA)
Titus 24 Jun 79 CE - 13 Sep 81 CE
Roman Emperor Domitian, Louvre
Mary Harrsch (Photographed at the Musée de Louvre) (CC BY-NC-SA)
Domitian 14 Sep 81 CE - 18 Sep 96 CE
The Adoptive Emperors
Nerva
Mary Harrsch (Photographed at the Capitoline Museum, Rome) (CC BY-NC-SA)
Nerva 18 Sep 96 CE - 27 Jan 98 CE
Trajan Bust, Vatican Museums
Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA)
Trajan 28 Jan 98 CE - 7 Aug 117 CE
Hadrian Bust, Vatican Museums
Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA)
Hadrian 11 Aug 117 CE - 10 Jul 138 CE
Bust of Antoninus Pius
Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA)
Antoninus Pius 10 Jul 138 CE - 9 Mar 161 CE
Marble Bust of Lucius Verus
Carole Raddato (CC BY-SA)
.Lucius Verus 161 CE - 169 CE
Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius
Bibi Saint-Pol (Public Domain)
Marcus Aurelius 7 Mar 161 CE - 17 Mar 180 CE
Commodus
Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA)
Commodus 17 Mar 180 CE - 31 Dec 192 CE
Pertinax Sestertius
Classical Numismatic Group (CC BY-SA)
Pertinax 1 Jan 193 CE - 28 Mar 193 CE
Didius Julianus
Panairjjde (CC BY-SA)
Didius Julianus 28 Mar 193 CE - 1 Jun 193 CE
Pescennius Niger
Sailko (CC BY-SA)
Pescennius Niger 193 CE - 194 CE
Clodius Albinus
Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA)
Clodius Albinus 193 CE - 197 CE
The Severan Dynasty
Septimius Severus, Glyptothek Munich
Bibi Saint-Pol (Public Domain)
Septimius Severus 9 Apr 193 CE - 4 Feb 211 CE
Geta
Jastrow (Public Domain)
Geta 211 CE - 212 CE
Caracalla, Ny Carslberg Glyptotek
Carole Raddato (CC BY-SA)
Caracalla Dec 211 CE - 8 Apr 217 CE
Macrinus
Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA)
Macrinus 11 Apr 217 CE - 8 Jun 218 CE
Roman Emperor Elagabalus
Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA)
Elagabalus 8 Jun 218 CE - 11 Mar 222 CE
Severus Alexander Bust, Milan
Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA)
Alexander Severus 13 Mar 222 CE - 18 Mar 235 CE
Maximinus I
Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA)
Maximinus Thrax Mar 235 CE - May 238 CE
Gordian I
Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA)
Gordian I 238 CE
Gordian III
Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA)
Gordian III 238 CE - 244 CE
Roman Coin of Philip the Arab
Christopher Willis (GNU FDL)
Philip the Arab 244 CE - 249 CE
Decius
Egisto Sani (used with permission) (Copyright)
Decius 249 CE - 251 CE
Trebonianus Gallus
Louisonze (CC BY-SA)
Trebonianus Gallus 251 CE - 253 CE
Valerian I
Medium69 (CC BY-SA)
Valerian 253 CE - 260 CE
Gallienus, Vatican Museums
Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA)
Gallienus 253 CE - 268 CE
The Gallic Emperors
Coin Depicting Roman Emperor Postumus
wikipedia user: PHGCOM (Public Domain)
Postumus 259 CE - 268 CE
Victorinus
wikipedia user: Cropbot (Public Domain)
Victorinus 268 - 270 CE
Coin Depicting Roman Emperor Tetricus
Rasiel Suarez (CC BY-SA)
Tetricus 270 CE - 273 CE
The Illyrian Emperors
Roman Emperor Claudius II
Ronan.guilloux (CC BY-SA)
Claudius II Gothicus 268 CE - 270 CE
Coin Depicting Roman Emperor Aurelian
Wikipedia User: CNG (CC BY-SA)
Aurelian Sep 270 CE - c. Sep 275 CE
Marcus Claudius Tacitus
MobyDick (Public Domain)
Tacitus 275 CE - 276 CE
Probus
Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA)
Probus 276 CE - 282 CE
Carus
Rasiel Suarez (CC BY-SA)
Carus 282 CE - 283 CE
Numerian
CharlesS (CC BY-SA)
Numerian 283 CE - 284 CE
Carinus
Wikipedia User: TcfkaPanairjdde (CC BY-SA)
Carinus 283 CE - 285 CE
Roman Emperor Diocletian
Carole Raddato (CC BY-SA)
Diocletian 284 CE - 305 CE
The Tetrarchy
Maximianus
Olybrius (CC BY)
Maximianus 286 CE - 305 CE (West)
Constantius Chlorus
Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA)
Constantius 305 - 306 CE (West)
Galerius
Peter Roan (CC BY-NC-SA)
Galerius 305 CE - 311 CE (East)
Maxentius
Shakko (CC BY)
Maxentius 306 CE -312 CE (West)
Licinius
Digital Imaging (CC BY-SA)
Licinius 308 CE - 324 CE (East)
Constantine I
Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA)
Constantine I 306-337 CE
This article has been reviewed for accuracy, reliability and adherence to academic standards prior to publication.
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