Early modern Europe: Did you mean...?

The Scientific Revolution in Europe, roughly 1500 to 1700, was a profound intellectual and cultural transformation that forever altered humanity's understanding of the natural world. The period witnessed a seismic shift from medieval beliefs...

A map depicting the strategic situation in Europe and the Mediterranean in early November 1942, as World War II reached a critical turning point. Axis expansion had begun to reverse, while the Allies launched major offensives in North Africa...

This map illustrates the expanding trade networks between England and continental Europe during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I (reigned 1558–1603). It highlights the growing reach of English merchants across the North Sea, the Baltic, and...

Map showing central Europe in the 5th century CE.

Artist's impression depciting a military encampment in Northern Europe during the Middle Ages or Late Antiquity. No specific culture is depicted, but it could be Vikings, Anglo-Saxons, Goths, or warriors of later Medieval European kingdoms.

Europe during the most recent glacial, in which the ice sheets reached peak growth between c. 26.500 to c. 19,000 years ago. This is known as the Last Glacial Maximum. Sea levels were lower than today.

A map illustrating the growing instability in Europe in the lead-up to World War II, capturing the aggressive territorial expansion of Nazi Germany and the failure of appeasement. Between 1935 and 1939, a series of bold geopolitical moves...

This map illustrates the situation in Europe in November 1920 in the aftermath of First World War (1914-18), as the continent was reshaped by the Treaty of Versailles (1919) and the Treaty of Sèvres (1920). The German Empire had collapsed...

The Unification of Italy and the Creation of Germany in the mid-19th century, alongside the Congress of Berlin in 1878, redefined the political landscape of Europe, consolidating fragmented states into unified nations while reshaping alliances...

A map illustrating the situation in Europe as it teetered on the brink of World War I (1914-18). The political landscape was marked by intricate alliance systems and fierce imperial rivalries among European powers, especially between the...