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Tablet of Adad-Nirari II
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Tablet of Adad-Nirari II

The cuneiform inscription on this clay tablet states that the neo-Assyrian king Adad-nirari II (reigned 911 - 891 BCE) has built a city and a palace. From northern Mesopotamia, Iraq. (The Iraq Museum, Baghdad).
Clay Tablet of Adad-Nirari II from Assur
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Clay Tablet of Adad-Nirari II from Assur

Cay tablet narrating the building works of the Assyrian king Adad-Nirari II (r. 911-891 BCE), from Ashur (Assur), modern-day Iraq. The Iraq Museum, Baghdad.
The Mesopotamian Pantheon
Article by Joshua J. Mark

The Mesopotamian Pantheon - The Ancient Gods and Goddesses of the Near East

The gods of the Mesopotamian region were not uniform in name, power, provenance or status in the hierarchy. Mesopotamian culture varied from region to region and, because of this, Marduk should not be regarded as King of the Gods in the same...
Nineveh
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Nineveh - The Great Cultural Center That Became the "City of Sin"

Nineveh (modern-day Mosul, Iraq) was one of the oldest and greatest cities in antiquity. It was originally known as Ninua, a trade center, and would become one of the largest and most affluent cities in antiquity. It was regarded highly by...
Mitanni
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Mitanni

The Kingdom of Mitanni, known to the people of the land, and the Assyrians, as Hanigalbat and to the Egyptians as Naharin and Metani, once stretched from present-day northern Iraq, down through Syria and into Turkey and was among the greatest...
The Myth of Etana
Article by Joshua J. Mark

The Myth of Etana

The Myth of Etana is the story of the Sumerian antediluvian King of Kish who ascends to heaven on an eagle to request the Plant of Birth from the gods so that he might have a son. Etana is named as the first king of Kish in the Sumerian King...
Cradles of Civilization - Assyria
Video by DrDavidNeiman

Cradles of Civilization - Assyria

In the final part of his Near East lecture, Dr. David Neiman discusses the Assyrian civilization that eventually came to dominate the Near East in the late second millennium BCE. He details the archives found at Mari and Nuzi, and ends with...
Ten Great Ancient Mesopotamian Women
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Ten Great Ancient Mesopotamian Women - Monarchs, Generals, and Scribes

The lives of women in ancient Mesopotamia were regulated by a patriarchal hierarchy, but within this social structure, there were many who distinguished themselves and some who were able to assume positions traditionally held by men. Women...
Mesopotamian Literature
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Mesopotamian Literature - The Earliest Works of the Imagination

Ancient Mesopotamian literature developed circa 2600 BCE after scribes, who had formerly been record-keepers, began composing original works in the region of Sumer. The Sumerians invented writing circa 3600/3500 BCE, refined the script circa...
The Banquet Stele of Ashurnasirpal II
Article by Joshua J. Mark

The Banquet Stele of Ashurnasirpal II

When he came to the throne in 884 BCE, Ashurnasirpal II had to attend to revolts which broke out across the empire. He ruthlessly put down all rebellions, destroyed the rebel cities and, as a warning to others, impaled, burned, and flayed...
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