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Abd al-Rahman I
Definition by Michael Goodyear

Abd al-Rahman I

Abd al-Rahman was the founder of the Emirate of Cordoba and ruled as Abd al-Rahman I from 756-788 CE. As one of the lone survivors of the Umayyad Dynasty after the Abbasids defeated the Umayyad Caliphate, Abd al-Rahman bridged the Umayyad...
Spanish Armada
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Spanish Armada

The 1588 Spanish Armada was a fleet of 132 ships assembled by King Philip II of Spain (r. 1556-1598) to invade England, his 'Enterprise of England'. The Royal Navy of Elizabeth I of England (r. 1558-1603) met the Armada in the English Channel...
National Museum of Roman Art in Mérida, Spain
Image by Anual

National Museum of Roman Art in Mérida, Spain

Main hall of the National Museum of Roman Art in Mérida (Spanish: Museo Nacional de Arte Romano), Spain. Inaugurated in 1986, the magnificent building, reflecting certain aspects of Roman architecture, occupies some 5000 m² ((53819 ft²...
Roman Religion
Definition by Donald L. Wasson

Roman Religion

In many societies, ancient and modern, religion has performed a major role in their development, and the Roman Empire was no different. From the beginning Roman religion was polytheistic. From an initial array of gods and spirits, Rome added...
Abd al-Rahman III
Definition by Michael Goodyear

Abd al-Rahman III

Abd al-Rahman III was an Umayyad prince who reigned as Emir of Cordoba, and later Caliph of Cordoba, from 912 to 961 CE. His reign is remembered as a golden age of Muslim Spain and Umayyad rule, epitomized by his declaration of the second...
Roman Theatre of Augusta Emerita (Mérida, Spain)
Image by Carole Raddato

Roman Theatre of Augusta Emerita (Mérida, Spain)

The Roman theatre of Augusta Emerita is the most important Roman monument in Mérida (Spain) and the best example of its kind to be found in western Europe. Its construction began c. 15 BCE and an inscription indicates that Roman consul Marcus...
Roman Bridge of Córdoba, Spain
Image by Carole Raddato

Roman Bridge of Córdoba, Spain

The Roman bridge of Córdoba is located in the Historic centre of Córdoba (declared a World Heritage Site in 1984), Andalusia, southern Spain. It was originally built in the early 1st century BCE across the Guadalquivir river, though it has...
Roman Amphitheatre of Italica (Spain)
Image by Carole Raddato

Roman Amphitheatre of Italica (Spain)

The Roman amphitheatre of Italica (located in modern-day Santiponce, 9 kilometres north of Seville in Spain) was one of the largest in the Empire, measuring 160 by 137 metres (525 by 450 feet). It was built during the reign of emperor Hadrian...
Viceroyalty of New Spain, c. 1800
Image by Simeon Netchev

Viceroyalty of New Spain, c. 1800

This map illustrates the Viceroyalty of New Spain, the earliest and most extensive administrative division of the Spanish Empire. At its peak, it encompassed a vast array of territories across North America, the Caribbean, and Asia, serving...
Roman Amphitheatre of Augusta Emerita (Mérida, Spain)
Image by Carole Raddato

Roman Amphitheatre of Augusta Emerita (Mérida, Spain)

The amphitheatre of Augusta Emerita (modern-day Mérida, Spain) was construced in 8 BCE for use in gladiatorial contests and staged beast-hunts. It had a capacity of up to 15,000 people. The elliptical building was of considerable dimentions...
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