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Phoenician Oblelisk from Cyprus
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Phoenician Oblelisk from Cyprus

The finely carved inscription on this obelisk dates to the 4th century BCE. The obelisk was set up in a cemetery at the Phoenician colony of Kition in Cyprus by a certain Arish in memory of his parent; his father Parz...
Greek Alphabet
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Greek Alphabet

Modern version of the Greek alphabet.
The Development of Slavonic Literacy & the Cyrillic Alphabet
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The Development of Slavonic Literacy & the Cyrillic Alphabet - The Cultural Transformation of Eastern Europe, c. 863-900

The missions of Saints Cyril and Methodius transformed the religious and cultural development of Central and Eastern Europe during the 9th century...
Carthaginian Religion
Definition

Carthaginian Religion

Carthage was founded by the Phoenician city of Tyre in the 9th century BCE, and along with many other cultural practices, the city adopted aspects of the religion of its founding fathers. Polytheistic in nature, such important...
Arslan Tash Amulet
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Arslan Tash Amulet

Dated to the 7th century BCE, the Arslan Tash amulet (AT1) was discovered in Arslan Tash, Syria and contains the writing of Phoenician, magic incantations. The limestone plaque includes a variety of features: incantations perceived...
Mesrop Mashtots
Definition

Mesrop Mashtots

Mesrop Mashtots (360/370 - c. 440 CE) invented the Armenian alphabet in 405 CE. Besides greatly increasing levels of literacy in the country, the language permitted ordinary people to read the Bible for the first time, thus helping...
Map of the Phoenician Trade and Colonization, c.1100-600 BCE
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Map of the Phoenician Trade and Colonization, c.1100-600 BCE - Trade, Colonies & Maritime Networks Across the Mediterranean

Between c. 1100 and 600 BCE, the Phoenician city-states of the Levant, especially Tyre, Sidon, Byblos, and Arwad, developed one of the ancient...
Aramaic Alphabet written in Cuneiform Signs
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Aramaic Alphabet written in Cuneiform Signs

This is a classroom experiment. As Babylon grew, the language spoken on its streets changed. This remarkable tablet captures interaction between the age-old cuneiform writing for Babylonian Akkadian and the...
Monument to Armenian Alphabet at Oshakan
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Monument to Armenian Alphabet at Oshakan

Mesrop Mashtots (c. 362-440 CE) is credited with the creation of the Armenian alphabet around 405 CE. Originally, the Armenian alphabet had 36 letters, but it presently has 39. It is read from left to right...
Etruscan & Phoenician Inscriptions
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Etruscan & Phoenician Inscriptions

Gold sheet plaques from Pygri, the port of Etruscan Cerveteri. In both the Etruscan and Phoenician alphabet they describe the separation of a space dedicated in the temple there for Astarte. c. 500 BCE (Museo di...
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