Cantabrian Wars: Did you mean...?

Throughout the 19th century, British and Boer settlers (people of largely Dutch ancestry) in Southern Africa were frequent rivals as they established new settlements and competed for resources. At the expense of African peoples in the region...

After Julius Caesar’s (100-44 BCE) conquest of Gaul, Roman legions pushed the borders of the Roman Empire’s frontier to the banks of the Rhine River. Augustus (r. 27 BCE - 14 CE) divided the newly acquired region into three provinces: Gallia...

This map collection explores the geopolitical transformation of Europe between 1914 and 1949. From the First World War (1914-18) and the collapse of empires to the rise of fascism, communism, and totalitarian regimes, through the Second Wolrd...

After the Roman emperor Claudius (r. 41-54 CE) successfully conquered Britain in 43 CE, four legions were left there to maintain the peace: XIV Gemina, II Augusta, IX Hispana, and XX Valeria Victrix. However, by the end of the decade, XIV...

Civil wars have repeatedly emerged as some of the most destructive conflicts in human history because they combine military violence with political collapse, social fragmentation, famine, disease, and ideological struggle within already interconnected...

The Wars of the Roses (1455–1487) were a prolonged series of dynastic civil wars that destabilized England during the late 15th century, fought between two rival branches of the Plantagenet dynasty: the House of York, symbolized by the white...

The conflicts commonly known as the English Civil Wars form part of the wider Wars of the Three Kingdoms, a series of interconnected struggles across England, Scotland, and Ireland. These wars unfolded during the reign of Charles I of England...

Legio IX Hispana served with Julius Caesar in Gaul and against Pompey in the Civil Wars. Later, it fought alongside Augustus in his Cantabrian Wars and was one of the four legions Claudius took with him in his invasion of Britain in 43 CE...

Did you know that the Wars of the Roses only got that name over 300 years after they ended? This video is all about the dynastic conflicts between the Yorks and the Lancasters in the 15th century, now known as the Wars of the Roses. The...

Rock art (also known as parietal art) is an umbrella term which refers to several types of creations including finger markings left on soft surfaces, bas-relief sculptures, engraved figures and symbols, and paintings onto a rock surface...