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Heraclius
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Heraclius

Heraclius (Herakleios) was emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 610 to 641 CE. He crushed the Persian empire and returned the looted True Cross to Jerusalem, but the second half of his reign was beset by intrigues and ecclesiastical controversies...
Eustathios Rhomaios
Definition by Ruisen Zheng

Eustathios Rhomaios - Judge and Jurist of the Byzantine Empire

Eustathios Rhomaios was a prominent Byzantine judge and jurist during the late-10th and early- to mid-11th century. He studied Roman Law and began his career under Basil II (reign 976 to 1025) and became the chief judge during the mid-1020s...
Basil I
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Basil I

Basil I was emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 867 to 886 CE and he founded the "Macedonian" dynasty which lasted for over 200 years. Basil was an Armenian from a humble background who had risen to become the second most powerful man in...
Ancient Celts
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Ancient Celts

The ancient Celts were various tribal groups living in parts of western and central Europe in the Late Bronze Age and through the Iron Age (c. 700 BCE to c. 400 CE). Given the name Celts by ancient writers, these tribes and their culture...
Map of the The Hallstatt Culture
Image by Simeon Netchev

Map of the The Hallstatt Culture

A map illustrating the spread of the Hallstatt culture, a predominant European Late Bronze and Early Iron Age culture from the 12th to 5th centuries BCE. It is generally accepted as a proto-Celtic culture. It is named after Hallstatt, an...
Map of the Urnfield Culture c. 1300 BCE
Image by Simeon Netchev

Map of the Urnfield Culture c. 1300 BCE

This map illustrates the spread of the Urnfield culture in Europe by around 1300 BCE, a late Bronze Age archaeological horizon named for the practice of cremating the dead and placing their ashes in urns buried in fields. Lasting from roughly...
Byzantine Ivory Diptych Panel
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Byzantine Ivory Diptych Panel

This is one of the largest surviving ivories from the Byzantine Empire. It comes from a hinged 2-leaf diptych, possibly used as a writing table. It shows an archangel holding an orb and sceptre. The style of his drapery is classical, but...
Byzantine Jeweled Bracelet
Image by Metropolitan Museum of Art

Byzantine Jeweled Bracelet

Gold bracelet decorated with silver, pearls, amethyst, sapphire, glass, and quartz, 500-700. 3.8 x 8.2 cm. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
Zvartnots Cathedral
Definition by James Blake Wiener

Zvartnots Cathedral

The ruins of Zvartnots Cathedral are located on a flat plain within the Ararat Plateau between the cities of Yerevan and Etchmiadzin in Armenia's Armavir province near Zvartnots International Airport. Built in the middle of the 7th century...
Michael Psellos
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Michael Psellos

Michael Psellos (1018 - c. 1082 CE) was a Byzantine historian, writer, and intellectual. Michael acted as courtier and advisor to several Byzantine emperors, and he was the tutor of Michael VII. Writing between 1042 and 1078 CE, his texts...
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