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The Mesopotamian Pantheon
Article by Joshua J. Mark

The Mesopotamian Pantheon

The gods of the Mesopotamian region were not uniform in name, power, provenance or status in the hierarchy. Mesopotamian culture varied from region to region and, because of this, Marduk should not be regarded as King of the Gods in the same...
Ashurbanipal's Collection of Sumerian and Babylonian Proverbs
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Ashurbanipal's Collection of Sumerian and Babylonian Proverbs

Ashurbanipal's collection of Sumerian and Babylonian proverbs formed part of the famous Library of Ashurbanipal (7th century BCE) established at Nineveh for the express purpose of preserving the knowledge of the past for future generations...
The Ancient City of Babylon: History of the Babylonian Empire
Video by Kelly Macquire

The Ancient City of Babylon: History of the Babylonian Empire

The ancient city of Babylon was a city in Mesopotamia which is now modern-day Iraq. The city of Babylon is so well known to many due to the many references to it in the Bible, although none of them are particularly glowing comments. The history...
Enuma Elish - The Babylonian Epic of Creation - Full Text
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Enuma Elish - The Babylonian Epic of Creation - Full Text

The Enuma Elish (also known as The Seven Tablets of Creation) is the Babylonian creation myth whose title is derived from the opening lines of the piece, "When on High". The myth tells the story of the great god Marduk's victory over the...
New Gilgamesh Fragment: Enkidu's Sexual Exploits Doubled
Article by Sophus Helle

New Gilgamesh Fragment: Enkidu's Sexual Exploits Doubled

Sometimes it is the smallest discoveries that have the largest impact. When Alexandra Kleinerman and Alhena Gadotti found a new fragment of the Epic of Gilgamesh in 2015 CE, it did not seem to be particularly impressive. The broken tablet...
Erotic Old Babylonian Plaque
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Erotic Old Babylonian Plaque

This terracotta plaque depicts a naked slim woman. She wears a necklace and what appears to be a strap (in three vertical layers) above the pelvis, with one of its ends hanging down on the right thigh. The plaque might have been used for...
Babylonian Marriage Market
Image by Briangotts

Babylonian Marriage Market

Babylonian Marriage Market by Edwin Long, 1875 CE, Royal Holloway College, London.
Necklaces from the Old Babylonian period
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Necklaces from the Old Babylonian period

These 3 necklaces were founds inside graves. From Mesopotamia, modern-day Iraq. Old-Babylonian period, 2000-1500 BCE. The Sulaimaniya Museum, Iraq.
Clay head from Old Babylonian period
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Clay head from Old Babylonian period

Clay head from Mesopotamia, modern-day Iraq. Old Babylonian period, 2003-1959 BCE. The Sulaymaniyah Museum, Iraq.
Terracotta Cylinder of the Babylonian King Nabopolassar
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Terracotta Cylinder of the Babylonian King Nabopolassar

This document records the king’s reconstructive work on the wall of the city of Babylon. From Babylon (modern Babel governorate), neo-Babylonian era, 625-605 BCE, Mesopotamia, Iraq. (The British Museum, London).
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