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Islam
Definition

Islam

Islam is an Abrahamic-monotheistic religion based upon the teachings of Prophet Muhammad ibn Abdullah (l. 570-632 CE, after whose name Muslims traditionally add “peace be upon him” or, in writing, PBUH). Alongside Christianity and Judaism...
Umayyad Dynasty
Definition

Umayyad Dynasty

The Umayyad Dynasty (661-750 CE), the first dynasty to take the title of Caliphate, was established in 661 CE by Muawiya (l. c. 602-680 CE), who had served as the governor of Syria under the Rashidun Caliphate, after the death...
Map of the Silk Road During the Late 8th Century
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Map of the Silk Road During the Late 8th Century

In the late 8th century CE, the interconnected caravan routes later termed the “Silk Road” formed a transcontinental system linking East Asia, Central Asia, the Islamic world, and parts of Europe. The...
Ilkhanate
Definition

Ilkhanate

The Ilkhanate (or Ilqanate, 1260-1335 CE) was that part of the Mongol Empire (1206-1368 CE) which mostly covered what is today Iran and parts of Turkmenistan, Turkey, Iraq, Armenia, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. Established by the Mongol...
Ferdowsi
Definition

Ferdowsi

Abolqasem Ferdowsi (l. c. 940-1020 CE, also given as Abul-Qasem Ferdowsi Tusi, Firdawsi, Firdausi) is the author of the Shahnameh (The Persian Book of Kings), one of the greatest works of world literature and the national epic of Iran...
AP World History Unit 1
Collection

AP World History Unit 1 - The Global Tapestry (c. 1200-1450)

Between 1200 and 1450 CE, no single power dominated the world. Instead, a number of powerful civilizations developed in parallel: the Song Dynasty in China, ruled after 1279 by the Mongols; the...
Map of the Islamic Conquests in the 7th-9th Centuries
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Map of the Islamic Conquests in the 7th-9th Centuries

This map illustrates the rise and rapid expansion of Islam from the time of the Prophet Muhammad (622–632 CE) through the great caliphates of the 7th to 9th centuries. Beginning in Arabia, the new...
Calligraphy of Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib
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Calligraphy of Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib

A calligraphic vector diagram of the name of Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (c. 568–c. 653 CE), an uncle of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad and progenitor of the Abbasid Dynasty.
Harun al-Rashid
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Harun al-Rashid

A 16th Century CE painting of Harun al-Rashid (r. 786 - 809 CE), caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate.
As-Saffah Being Proclaimed Caliph
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As-Saffah Being Proclaimed Caliph

Folio from a manuscript of the Tarikhnama (Persian: "Book of History") by Muhammad Bal'ami (10th Century CE). The folio depicts As-Saffah (r. 750 - 754 CE), founder of the Abbasid Caliphate, being proclaimed caliph...
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