Palestine in the ancient world was part of the region known as Canaan where the Kingdoms of Israel and Judah were located. The term `Palestine' was originally a designation of an area of land in southern Canaan which the people known as the Philistines occupied a very small part of.
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Definition
Timeline
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c. 3500 BCE - c. 2000 BCENomads settle the region and initiate agriculture during the Early Bronze Age.
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c. 2000 BCE - c. 1550 BCECities develop and trade expands in the region during the Middle Bronze Age. Palestine becomes important trade hub.
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c. 1550 BCE - c. 1200 BCEPalestine is absorbed by the Egyptian Empire, flourishes in trade.
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c. 1276 BCEPhilistines arrive in Palestine and settle on coast.
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c. 1250 BCE - 1200 BCEGeneral upheaval in the region, possibly caused by Israelite conquest under General Joshua.
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c. 1080 BCEKingdom of Israel is founded in Palestine.
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c. 1080 BCERise of the kingdom of Israel.
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1000 BCEDavid captures Jerusalem.
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c. 931 BCEKingdom of Israel splits in two after death of Solomon; Kingdom of Judah founded.
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722 BCEPalestine invaded by Assyrian Empire; Kingdom of Israel destroyed and Kingdom of Judah subjugated.
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598 BCE - 582 BCEBabylonians invade Palestine; Kingdom of Judah destroyed, region subjugated.
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c. 539 BCECyrus the Great conquers Babylon; Palestine claimed by the Persian Empire. .
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c. 334 BCEAlexander the Great conquers the Persian Empire and claims Palestine.
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c. 167 BCEMaccabean Revolt frees Palestine from foreign rule and allows for rise of Hasmonean Dynasty.
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c. 63 BCEPalestine taken by Rome.
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66 CE - 136 CEThe Jewish-Roman Wars; Rebellion in Palestine is crushed and citizens deported.
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634 CEMuslim armies invade and conquer Palestine.
