The Roman Forum or Forum Romanum of ancient Rome was the bustling religious, administrative, legal, and commercial heart of the city from the 7th century BCE onwards. Made increasingly grandiose and ceremonial in function by the Imperial Period, the Forum became a monumental symbol in stone and marble of Roman power and vanity with temples of deified emperors, dedicatory columns, and massive triumphal arches celebrating military victories from far corners of the Empire. Although wrecked by earthquake, weathering, pollution, and centuries of architects robbing it of its stones and columns, the Forum Romanum, nevertheless, remains one of the most impressive sites surviving from antiquity and a unique window into the once-great glorious world that was Rome.
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Timeline
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c. 800 BCEEarly burials in the Roman Forum.
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c. 600 BCEBuilding of the Cloaca Maxima to drain the Roman Forum.
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c. 497 BCEThe first temple dedicated to Saturn is constructed in the Forum Romanum of Rome.
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484 BCEThe first temple of the Dioscuri (Castor & Pollux) is dedicated in Rome's Forum Romanum by Aulus Postumius following his victory over the Latins at the Battle of Lake Regillus.
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184 BCEThe first basilica is added to Rome's Forum Romanum.
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179 BCEThe Basilica Fulvia is added to Rome's Forum Romanum.
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169 BCEThe Basilica Sempronia is built in Rome's Forum Romanum.
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121 BCEThe first triumphal arch is added to Rome's Forum Romanum.
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34 BCEThe Basilica Paulli (Aemilia) is completed in Rome's Forum Romanum.
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29 BCEAugustus builds the temple of Divius Iulius on the spot of Julius Caesar's funeral pyre in Rome's Forum Romanum.
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29 BCEThe Temple of Divus Julius, dedicated to the deified Julius Caesar, is added to Rome's Forum Romanum.
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c. 10 BCEAugustus rebuilds the Temple of Castor and Pollux in Rome's Forum Romanum.
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10 CEThe Temple of Concordia Augusta is added to Rome's Forum Romanum.
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c. 80 CEThe Temple of Vespasian and Titus is added to Rome's Forum Romanum.
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c. 81 CEThe Arch of Titus is built in Rome's Forum Romanum to commemorate the conquest of Jerusalem.
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91 CEDomitian adds to Rome's Forum Romanum a statue of himself riding a horse.
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c. 113 CEThe House of the Vestal Virgins is completed in Rome's Forum Romanum.
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c. 135 CE - c. 140 CEThe Temple of Roma and Venus is added to Rome's Forum Romanum.
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140 CEThe Temple of Divus Antoninus Pius & Faustina is built in Rome's Forum Romanum.
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c. 150 CEThe House of the Vestal Virgins is restored in Rome's Forum Romanum.
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203 CEThe Arch of Septimius Severus is built in Rome's Forum Romanum to commemorate victories over the Parthians.
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283 CEA fire devastates Rome's Forum Romanum, necessitating an extensive rebuilding programme.
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313 CEThe Basilica of Maxentius & Constantine is completed in Rome's Forum Romanum.
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c. 360 CE - c. 380 CEThe Temple of Saturn is rebuilt in the Forum Romanum of Rome.
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608 CEThe column of Phocas is erected in Rome's Forum Romanum.
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630 CEThe Curia Julia is repurposed as a church on Rome's Forum Romanum.