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Caernarfon Castle
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Caernarfon Castle

Caernarfon Castle (aka Caernarvon) is located in North Wales and was first built from 1283 CE by Edward I of England (r. 1272-1307 CE) to help, along with several other major castles, control the newly conquered area. As the administrative...
Great Gate of Ishtar
Image by Rictor Norton

Great Gate of Ishtar

This is a reconstruction of the Great Gate of Ishtar that stood at the entrance to the ancient city of Babylon. The Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar II (r. 605/604-562 BCE) ordered the gate to be constructed in c. 575 BCE and it features lions...
Hercules Gate, Ephesus
Image by Edgar Serrano

Hercules Gate, Ephesus

The Hercules Gate at Ephesus gets its name from the reliefs of Hercules that adorn its columns. Hercules is considered the greatest of Greek heroes, and the epitome of masculinity. In the reliefs, Hercules is depicted wearing the skin of...
Banner at the North Gate of Dholavira
Image by Swastik

Banner at the North Gate of Dholavira

The 10 Harappan alphabets/signs found at the Northern Gate of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization city of Dholavira. Each of these are up to 37 cm high and are thought to have been hung as a 'Banner' on the city gate.
Henry VIII Gate, Windsor Castle
Image by Thomas Duesing

Henry VIII Gate, Windsor Castle

The Henry VIII Gate of Windsor Castle, England. The castle was first built by William the Conqueror c. 1070 CE and then added to by many monarchs thereafter. The gate was built by Henry VIII (r. 1509-1547 CE) to give access to the Lower Ward...
Chumon Gate, Kasuga Taisha
Image by Bernard Gagnon

Chumon Gate, Kasuga Taisha

The Chumon Gate of the Shinto Kasuga Taisha Shrine, Nara, Japan. The shrine was officially founded in 768 CE and the present gate structure dates to 1613 CE.
Niomon Gate, Kiyomizu-dera
Image by Todd

Niomon Gate, Kiyomizu-dera

The Niomon gate of Kiyomizu-dera, otherwise known as the ‘Temple of the Pure Water Spring’, which is a Buddhist temple in Kyoto, Japan. Founded in 778 CE the gate was added in the 15th century CE.
Sphinx Gate in Hattusa
Image by Carole Raddato

Sphinx Gate in Hattusa

The Sphinx Gate in Hattusa (the capital of the Hittite Empire in the Late Bronze Age) was part of the city's fortifications. All four door jambs of the gate bore representations of Sphinxes. Only one original Sphinx is still in place while...
King’s Gate in Hattusa
Image by Carole Raddato

King’s Gate in Hattusa

The King’s Gate in Hattusa (the capital of the Hittite Empire in the Late Bronze Age) was part of the city's fortifications. The gate is decorated with a sculpture of the God of War in high relief and measuring 2.25m in height. The original...
Roman Agora Gate, Athens
Image by Mark Cartwright

Roman Agora Gate, Athens

The monumental entrance gate (propylaea) to the Roman agora of Athens. Pentellic marble, 19-11 BCE. Donated by Julius Caesar and Augustus, it is known as the Gate of Athena Archegetis.
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