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Shang Dynasty
Definition by Emily Mark

Shang Dynasty

The Shang Dynasty (c. 1600-1046 BCE) was the second dynasty of China, which succeeded the Xia Dynasty (c. 2070-1600 BCE) after the overthrow of the Xia tyrant Jie by the Shang leader, Tang. Since many historians question whether the Xia Dynasty...
Viking Dragon Plaque
Image by MichaelMaggs

Viking Dragon Plaque

Plaque from a late 9th- or early 10th-century burial at Scar, Sanday in the Orkney Islands, Scotland. Orkney Museum. The plaque, carved from one piece of whalebone into the shape of two dragons facing each other, was found in a Viking burial...
Vahagn the Dragon Slayer
Image by Chaojoker

Vahagn the Dragon Slayer

A modern statue of Vahagn, the figure from Armenian mythology who was famed for his slaying of dragons and association with the Sun. Sculpted by Karlen Nurijanyan. Near Yerevan, Armenia.
Epic of Dietrich von Bern, Sintram, and the Dragon
Image by Marc Auer from France, uploaded by Edelseider

Epic of Dietrich von Bern, Sintram, and the Dragon

Sculpture from the Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul in Rosheim, France, 12th century.
The Seven Voyages of Zheng He
Article by Mark Cartwright

The Seven Voyages of Zheng He

Admiral Zheng He (aka Cheng Ho, c. 1371-1433 CE) was a Chinese Muslim eunuch explorer who was sent by the Ming dynasty emperor Yongle (r. 1403-1424 CE) on seven diplomatic missions to increase trade and secure tribute from foreign powers...
Wu Zetian
Definition by Emily Mark

Wu Zetian

Empress Wu Zetian (Empress Consort Wu, Wu Hou, Wu Mei Niang, Mei-Niang, and Wu Zhao, l. 624-705 CE, r. 690-704 CE) was the only female emperor of Imperial China. She reigned during the Tang Dynasty (618-907 CE) and was one of the most effective...
A Gallery of Dragons from Around the World
Image Gallery by Joshua J. Mark

A Gallery of Dragons from Around the World

Dragons appear in the myths and legends of civilizations around the world from ancient times to the present day. Like the lion in ancient Mesopotamia, the dragon in some cultures (notably China) came to be associated with royalty and good...
Sima Qian
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Sima Qian

Sima Qian (l. 145/135-86 BCE) was a court scribe, astrologer, and historian of the Han Dynasty (202 BCE - 220 CE) of ancient China, famous for his historical work Records of the Grand Historian for which he is remembered as the Father of...
Yongle Emperor
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Yongle Emperor

The Yongle Emperor (aka Chengzu or Yung Lo, r. 1403-1424 CE) was the third ruler of the Chinese Ming Dynasty (1368-1644 CE). Inheriting a stable state thanks to the work of his father, the Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368-1398 CE), Yongle made lasting...
Jade Emperor
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Jade Emperor

The Supreme August Jade Emperor is the supreme deity of Chinese tradition and is otherwise known as Yuhuang Shangdi (Yu-huang Shang-ti), Yudi (Yu Ti) or Mr. Heaven (Lao-t'ien ye). He governs the cosmos and resides in a magnificent palace...
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