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Most Popular Gods & Goddesses of Ancient China
Article by Emily Mark

Most Popular Gods & Goddesses of Ancient China

There were over 200 gods and goddesses worshipped throughout ancient China, but if one were to count every deity or spirit, the number would be over 1,000. Each town, village, city, field, farm, and sometimes even separate plot in a graveyard...
Crossbows in Ancient Chinese Warfare
Article by Mark Cartwright

Crossbows in Ancient Chinese Warfare

The crossbow was introduced into Chinese warfare during the Warring States period (481-221 BCE). Developing over the centuries into a more powerful and accurate weapon, the crossbow also came in versions light enough to be fired with one...
Pigs in Ancient China
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Pigs in Ancient China

Pigs (sometimes called “suids” of the suidae family) have long played an important part in Chinese culture. Pigs symbolize good fortune and happiness as they seem to live a care-free existence and have a long relationship with the humans...
Chinese Pig-Dragon Sculpture
Image by LACMA

Chinese Pig-Dragon Sculpture

A Chinese pig-dragon sculpture. China, probably Yunnan Province, Yuan dynasty, 1279-1368. Los Angeles County Museum of Art.
Religion in Ancient China
Article by Emily Mark

Religion in Ancient China

Religious practices in ancient China go back over 7,000 years. Long before the philosophical and spiritual teachings of Confucius and Lao-Tzu developed or before the teachings of the Buddha came to China, the people worshipped personifications...
Chinese Lacquerware
Article by Mark Cartwright

Chinese Lacquerware

Lacquer was a popular form of decoration and protective covering in ancient China. It was used to colour and beautify screens, furniture, bowls, cups, sculpture, musical instruments, and coffins, where it could be carved, incised, and inlaid...
Daily Life in Ancient China
Article by Emily Mark

Daily Life in Ancient China

Daily life in ancient China changed through the centuries but reflected the values of the presence of gods and one's ancestors in almost every time period. Villages like Banpo show evidence of a matriarchal society, where there was a priestly...
Chinese Jade Pig-Dragon, Owl & Hair Ornament
Image by The British Museum

Chinese Jade Pig-Dragon, Owl & Hair Ornament

A jade hair ornament (?), owl figurine and pig-dragon. Hongshan Culture, c. 3,500 BCE. From Liaoning Province, China. (British Museum, London)
Dogs in Ancient China
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Dogs in Ancient China

Dogs are the oldest domesticated animal in China and were bred as guardians, for transporting goods, for herding, hunting, and as a food source. Archaeological evidence dates the domestication of the dog in China at approximately 15,000 years...
Swords in Ancient Chinese Warfare
Article by Mark Cartwright

Swords in Ancient Chinese Warfare

Although the bow and crossbow were the weapons of choice for much of China's history, the sword played its part, especially when warriors were forced to dismount and face the enemy at close quarters. Widely used from around 500 BCE, swords...
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