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Male Figure from Nayarit, Mexico
Image by James Blake Wiener

Male Figure from Nayarit, Mexico

This sculpture of a male figure dates from 200 BCE-500 CE. It is a polychrome ceramic. It comes from what's presently Nayarit, Mexico. (Iris & B. Gerald Cantor Center for Visual Arts at Stanford University, Stanford, California)
The Gilded Age Estates of Staatsburg, New York
Article by Joshua J. Mark

The Gilded Age Estates of Staatsburg, New York

The great estates of the Gilded Age were more than lavish displays of wealth for the American aristocracy c. 1870-1917, they supported the economy of the local communities and encouraged development. As they declined, many of the surrounding...
Stephen F. Austin
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Stephen F. Austin - Reluctant Father of Texas

Stephen Fuller Austin (1793-1836) has been known, since shortly after his death, as the "Father of Texas," as he was not only the first to lead Anglo-American settlers to the region and establish colonies but also endured the hardships of...
New Testament Text-Types
Article by Peter Kauffner

New Testament Text-Types

The books of the New Testament were written in the 1st century CE. As Christianity spread in the 2nd century CE, many copies were made, some by non-professionals. Early manuscripts are considered to be closer to the original than later manuscripts...
The Aztec New Fire Ceremony
Article by Mark Cartwright

The Aztec New Fire Ceremony

The New Fire Ceremony, also known as the Binding of the Years Ceremony, was a ritual held every 52 years in the month of November on the completion of a full cycle of the Aztec solar year (xiuhmopilli). The purpose of it was none other than...
Lenin's New Economic Policy
Article by Mark Cartwright

Lenin's New Economic Policy - Communism's Flirtation with Capitalism

The New Economic Policy (NEP) of Vladimir Lenin (1870-1924), leader of Soviet Russia, was the introduction in 1921 of a limited form of capitalism in light industry and agriculture. Contrary to Marxist economic ideas, the NEP was viewed as...
Hernán Cortés
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Hernán Cortés

Hernán Cortés (1485-1547) was a Spanish conquistador who led the conquest of the Aztec Empire in Mexico from 1519. Taking the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan in 1521, Cortés plundered Mesoamerica as he became the first ruler of the new colony...
Spanish Main
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Spanish Main

The Spanish Main refers, in its widest sense, to the Spanish Empire in the Americas from Florida in the north to the northern coast of Brazil in the south, including the Caribbean. The term was initially more limited and referred only to...
National Palace, Mexico City
Image by JOMA-MAC

National Palace, Mexico City

The facade of the National Palace in Mexico City, once seat of the viceroy of New Spain when part of the Spanish Empire.
General Scott Enters Mexico City
Image by Carl Nebel

General Scott Enters Mexico City

US General Winfield Scott occupies Mexico City on 14 September 1847 at the end of the Mexican-American War (1846-1848). By Carl Nebel, 1851. New York Public Library.
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