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Viceroyalty of New Spain, c. 1800
Image by Simeon Netchev

Viceroyalty of New Spain, c. 1800

This map illustrates the Viceroyalty of New Spain, the earliest and most extensive administrative division of the Spanish Empire. At its peak, it encompassed a vast array of territories across North America, the Caribbean, and Asia, serving...
Antonio de Mendoza, Viceroy of New Spain
Image by Unknown Artist

Antonio de Mendoza, Viceroy of New Spain

A portrait of Antonio de Mendoza, the first viceroy of New Spain (Mexico and many surrounding territories) within the Spanish empire. He served from 1535 to 1550. (Museo Nacional de Historia, Mexico City)
Teotihuacan
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Teotihuacan

Teotihuacan, located in the Basin of Central Mexico, was the largest, most influential, and most revered city in the history of the New World. It flourished in Mesoamerica's Golden Age, the Classic Period of the first millennium CE. Dominated...
Olmec Civilization
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Olmec Civilization

The Olmec civilization, located in ancient Mexico, prospered in Pre-Classical (Formative) Mesoamerica from c. 1200 BCE to c. 400 BCE. Monumental sacred complexes, massive stone sculptures, ball games, the drinking of chocolate, and animal...
New Amsterdam
Image by Johannes Vingboons

New Amsterdam

An image portraying New Amsterdam, centred in the eventual Lower Manhattan, in 1664, the year England under Richard Nicolls took control and renamed it "New York".
New Netherland Map
Image by Nicolaes Visscher II

New Netherland Map

A map of New Netherland published by Nicolaes Visscher II (1649–1702) in 1684. This map is partially a copy of the map by Jan Janssonius (1588-1664) from 1651.
The Pink and White Terraces of New Zealand
Image by Welcome Images

The Pink and White Terraces of New Zealand

Photograph showing the famed pink and white terraces of New Zealand and the terraced thermal pools on the edge of Lake Rotomahana. Photograph taken by Burton Bros (1866–1914) of Dunedin. The terraces were destroyed in 1886, following the...
John Hoyte's Painting of the Pink and White Terraces of New Zealand
Image by Sarjeant Gallery

John Hoyte's Painting of the Pink and White Terraces of New Zealand

Painting by John Hoyte (1835-1913) of the world-famous pink and white terraces of New Zealand that were destroyed by volcanic eruption in 1886. Sarjeant Gallery, Te Whare o Rehua, Whanganui.
Pedro de Alvarado
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Pedro de Alvarado

Pedro de Alvarado (c. 1485-1541) was a Spanish conquistador who became the first governor of Guatemala in 1527. Living an extraordinary life of adventure, Alvarado participated in separate expeditions to Mexico, Central America, South America...
Columbian Exchange
Definition by John Horgan

Columbian Exchange

The Columbian exchange is a term coined by Alfred Crosby Jr. in 1972 that is traditionally defined as the transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Old World of Europe and Africa and the New World of the Americas. The exchange...
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