Bahmani Sultanate: Did you mean...?

The Crusader States, collectively known as Outremer (from Old French outre-mer, “overseas”), were a group of Latin Christian polities established in the eastern Mediterranean following the First Crusade (1096–1099). Emerging from the conquest...

Razia Sultan, Silver Tanka, 13th-century silver coin held by the Sarmaya Arts Foundation, Mumbai, c. 1236. Coins of Razia Sultan are incredibly rare, given that her reign was so short. Her father's name, Iltutmish, and the word 'nusrat,'...

Richly decorated Mamluk armour from Syria or Egypt, c. 1500 CE. Collection of the Arms and Armor Museum, Vienna.

The Mamluks under Baibars (yellow) fought off the Franks and the Mongols during the Ninth Crusade.

A statue of the Mamluk Sultan of Cairo, Saif ad-Din Qutuz (r. 1259-1260 CE)

A map of the campaign leading to the Battle of Ain Jalut — in 1260 CE.

Mamluk lance practice from a Furusiyya manuscript. Egypt or Syria; c. 1500 CE, Leaf: 24 × 16.7 cm, David Collection.

Wood-handled steel axe with gold decoration, engraved with the insignia of a Mamluk emir who held the honour of being cupbearer to the sultan. Used by a member of an axe-bearing corps, possibly similar to the Varangian Guard which protected...

Hopfer, Daniel (c. 1470-1536 CE): Etching, Three Mamelukes with lances on horseback.

A panoramic view of the Tughlaqabad Fort. Built during the reign of the Sultan of Delhi, Ghiyasuddin Tughluq (aka Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq, r. 1320-1325), founder of the Tughlaq dynasty.