Umar Timeline

Abu Bakr becomes the first caliph (successor to Muhammad) of the Rashidun Caliphate.

Ridda Wars (Wars of Apostacy): re-unification of the Arabian Peninsula under the banner of Islam.

Umar ibn al-Khattab succeeds Abu Bakr, becoming the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate.

Battle of Ajnadayn: Muslim invasion of Syria.

Byzantine defeat at the Battle of Yarmouk.

Battle of al-Qadisiyya.

Muslim invasion of the Levant. The Byzantines are driven out.

Umar distributes food during a famine in Arabia.

Battle of Heliopolis. Byzantine forces defeated by Umar's general Amr ibn al-Aas.

Uthman ibn 'Affan succeeds Umar to become the third caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate.