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Definition
Song Dynasty
The Song (aka Sung) dynasty ruled China from 960 to 1279 CE with the reign split into two periods: the Northern Song (960-1125 CE) and Southern Song (1125-1279 CE). The Northern Song ruled a largely united China from their capital at Kaifeng...

Video
An Introduction to the Dynasties of Ancient China
Ancient China produced what has become the oldest extant culture in the world, and this video is just an introduction to the different dynasties and rulers of Ancient China all the way up until the Song Dynasty. The Greeks and Romans knew...

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Gui Vessel from Ancient China
China's bronze-casting traditions can be traced back to about 2000 BCE. Elaborate bronze vessels were made for ritual and ceremonial use, often to make offerings to ancestors. The materials and technology of this long-standing tradition were...

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Possible Agricultural Centers in Prehistoric China
Map showing the spatial distribution of rice, millet, and mixed farming sites with a boundary of rice and millet and possible centers of agriculture in China, published in "Prehistoric evolution of the dualistic structure mixed rice and millet...

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Building Inscription from Milecastle 38, Hadrian's Wall
A building inscription from Milecastle 38 which gives evidence for the building of Hadrian's Wall in Britain that bears his name. The text also mentions Aulus Platorius Nepos, who arrived with the emperor in the province of Britannia in 122...

Definition
Ancient Korea
Korea, located on a large peninsula on the eastern coast of the Asian mainland, has been inhabited since Neolithic times. The first recognisable political state was Gojoseon in the second half of the first millennium BCE. From the 1st century...

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Shang Dynasty of China, c. 1100 BCE
This map illustrates the rise and expansion of the Shang dynasty, which emerged around 1600 BCE after the fall of the Xia dynasty. Centered on the North China Plain, the Shang established a hereditary monarchy with a centralized government...

Article
Ten Great Stupas from Around the World
A stupa is a reliquary containing the remains (relics) of an individual associated with great spiritual power and insight, most often (since the 3rd century BCE) with the Buddha (l. c. 563 - c. 483 BCE). The form, a hemisphere topped by a...

Definition
Ancient Chinese Warfare
In ancient China warfare was a means for one region to gain ascendancy over another, for the state to expand and protect its frontiers, and for usurpers to replace an existing dynasty of rulers. With armies consisting of tens of thousands...

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Vallum Hadriani (Hadrian’s wall), c. 122 CE
A map illustrating the span, structure, and context of the 73 miles (118 km) Hadrian's Wall (also called the Vallum Aelii, Aelius being the family name of emperor Hadrian). Built by a force of more than 15,000 soldiers from the three Roman...