Pope boniface viii: Did you mean...?

Portrait of Pope Pius VII, oil on panel by Jacques-Louis David, 1805. Louvre Museum, Paris.

Wax effigy of Pope Gregory VII (c. 1015-1085). Cathedral of Salerno, Italy.

Stained glass window in York Minster depicting Pope Celestine III (1191-1198 CE)

Thomas Becket (aka Thomas á Becket) was chancellor to Henry II of England (r. 1154-1189) and then archbishop of Canterbury (1162 to 1170). Thomas repeatedly clashed with his sovereign over the relationship between the Crown and Church, particularly...

John Wycliffe (l. 1330-1384, also John Wyclif) was an English theologian, priest, and scholar, recognized as a forerunner to the Protestant Reformation in Europe. Wycliffe condemned the practices of the medieval Church, citing many of the...

Statue of St. Gregory the Great in the Oratory of St. Barbara on the Caelian Hill, Rome.

This limestone block was part of a Ptolemaic foundation. There are hieroglyphic inscription, including a cartouche of the Egyptian king Intef. In addtion, there are head and one arm of the god Min, who looks to the right side. From Koptos...

View full lesson: https://ed.ted.com/lessons/history-vs-henry-viii-mark-robinson-and-alex-gendler He was a powerful king whose break with the church of Rome would forever change the course of English history. But was he a charismatic reformer...

The Dissolution of the Monasteries was a policy introduced in 1536 CE by Henry VIII of England (r. 1509-1547 CE) to close down and confiscate the lands and wealth of all monasteries in England and Wales. The plan was designed as a lucrative...

The Pilgrimage of Grace is the collective name for a series of rebellions in northern England, first in Lincolnshire and then in Yorkshire and elsewhere between October and December 1536 CE. Nobles, clergy, monks, and commoners united to...