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Veuve Clicquot - The Champagne Queen
Innovative, a risk-taker, and utterly relentless in her will to overcome all obstacles, one woman not only matched but beat her competitors in the male-dominated champagne industry to establish the brand with the inimitable mango-orange label...
Article
The Dreyfus Affair & the Separation of Church and State in France
The Dreyfus Affair, or L'Affaire as it has become known, demonstrated the competing forces at work to either reestablish the monarchy and the Church in power or to solidify and advance the unfulfilled ideals of the 1789 French Revolution...
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17 Campaigns & Battles of Napoleon
Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821), Emperor of the French, was one of the most successful military commanders of the modern era. From relatively humble beginnings, he rose to prominence during the tumultuous wars of the French Revolution, ultimately...
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Kutuzov: A Life in War and Peace with Alexander Mikaberidze
Kutuzov: A Life in War and Peace by Alexander Mikaberidze is about a character, a historical figure, but also the main protagonist of the book that many people claim to have read, but very few actually manage to get through, War and Peace...
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Napoleon's Campaign in Egypt and Syria
The French Expedition to Egypt and Syria (1798-1801), led by Napoleon Bonaparte, aimed to establish a French colony in Egypt and to threaten British possessions in India. Despite initial French victories, the campaign ultimately ended in...
Definition
Cadoudal Affair
The Cadoudal Affair, or the Pichegru Conspiracy, was a failed royalist attempt to kill or kidnap Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821), then the First Consul of the French Republic, and restore the House of Bourbon to the French throne. The conspiracy's...
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Map of the French Revolution and Wars 1789-99
The French Revolution (1789–1799) also known The Revolution of 1789 to distinguish it from the ones of 1830 and 1848, was a transformative decade that reshaped France and reverberated across Europe. Sparked by economic crisis, social inequality...
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British Army Infantry Square
An 1875 oil on canvas painting by Elizabeth Thompson titled The 28th Regiment at Quatre Bras (a battle during the Napoleonic Wars). The British infantry is shown employing the classic defensive strategy of a square, where each rank fires...
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Napoleon and his Staff during the War of the Sixth Coalition
French Emperor Napoleon I (r. 1804-1814; 1815) and his staff during the French campaigns of the War of the Sixth Coalition. Within months, the Napoleonic Empire would be toppled. Oil on canvas by Jean-Louis-Ernest Meissonier, 1864. Musée...
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Map of the Sambre-et-Meuse Department
This antique map of Belgium shows the department of Sambre-et-Meuse under the First French Empire. It was created in the early 19th century by French geographer Pierre-Gilles Chanlaire and forms part of the Atlas National de France. The map...