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Cadoudal Affair
The Cadoudal Affair, or the Pichegru Conspiracy, was a failed royalist attempt to kill or kidnap Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821), then the First Consul of the French Republic, and restore the House of Bourbon to the French throne. The conspiracy's...

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Map of the First French Empire under Napoleon, 1812
This map illustrates the territorial reach and peak influence of the First French Empire under Napoleon Bonaparte, which dominated much of continental Europe between 1804 and 1814, and briefly again during the Hundred Days in 1815. It visualizes...

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Meeting of Napoleon and Alexander I at Tilsit, 25 June 1807
Emperor Napoleon I of France (r. 1804-1814; 1815) meets with Tsar Alexander I of Russia (1801-1825) on a specially built raft in the middle of the Niemen River to discuss peace. It is one of the most iconic episodes of the Napoleonic Era...

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Map of the Genoa Department
This antique map of Italy represents the Genoa department under the First French Empire. It was produced in the early 19th century by French geographer Pierre-Gilles Chanlaire and is part of the Atlas National de France. The map reflects...

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Map of the Pô Department
This antique map of Italy depicts the department of the Pô under the First French Empire. It was created in the early 19th century by French geographer Pierre-Gilles Chanlaire and is part of the Atlas National de France. The map illustrates...

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Napoleon and his Staff during the War of the Sixth Coalition
French Emperor Napoleon I (r. 1804-1814; 1815) and his staff during the French campaigns of the War of the Sixth Coalition. Within months, the Napoleonic Empire would be toppled. Oil on canvas by Jean-Louis-Ernest Meissonier, 1864. Musée...

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Prince Peter Bagration
Prince Peter Bagration (1765-1812), a Russian general of Georgian origin who served during the Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815). He commanded one of Russia's main armies during Napoleon's invasion of Russia and was mortally wounded at the Battle...

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Map of the Jemappes Department
This antique map of Belgium depicts the Jemappes department under the First French Empire. It was created in the early 19th century by French geographer Pierre-Gilles Chanlaire and is included in the Atlas National de France. The map reflects...

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Map of the Deux-Nèthes Department
This antique map of Belgium depicts the Deux-Nèthes department under the First French Empire. It was created in the early 19th century by French geographer Pierre-Gilles Chanlaire and is part of the Atlas National de France. The map reflects...

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Map of the Lys Department
This antique map of Belgium represents the Lys department under the First French Empire. It was created in the early 19th century by French geographer Pierre-Gilles Chanlaire and is part of the Atlas National de France. The map illustrates...