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Map of Sumer and Elam
Map with the locations of the main cities of Sumer and Elam.
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Babylon at the time of Hammurabi
A locator map of Hammurabi's Babylonia, showing the Babylonian territory upon his ascension in 1792 BC and upon his death in 1750 BC. The river courses and coastline are those of that time period — in general, they...
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Hymn to Nisaba - A Praise Song for the Sumerian Goddess of Writing
The Hymn to Nisaba (circa 3rd millennium BCE) is a poem praising Nisaba, the Sumerian goddess of writing and accounts who also served as scribe of the gods. The poem is officially dedicated...
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Dogs & Their Collars in Ancient Mesopotamia - Man's Best Friend in the Ancient Near East
Among the many contributions to world culture credited to Mesopotamia is an object so familiar to people in the modern world that few pause to consider its origin: the dog...
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Map of Sumer
The area which formed Sumer started at the Persian Gulf and reached north to the 'neck' of Mesopotamia where the two rivers, the Tigris and the Euphrates meander much closer to each other. To the east loomed the Zagros Mountains...
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The Kish Tablet - And the Earliest Evidence of Writing
The Kish Tablet, illustration by José-Manuel Benito, July 2006. The Kish Tablet, from Tell al-Uhaymir, Iraq, is among the oldest known inscriptions using proto-cuneiform symbols. Before this, writing...
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The Weld-Blundell Prism Version of Sumerian King List
The Weld-Blundell Prism, the most complete version of the Sumerian King List extant, from Larsa, c. 1827-1817 BCE.
Ashmolean Museum, Oxford.
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Disk of Enheduanna
The Disk of Enheduanna, found in a chamber of the Larsa temple of Nin-Gal, dated to 2350-2300 BCE.
Penn Museum, Philadelphia.
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Cylinder Seal with a King Pouring an Offering to Shamash
This lapis lazuli cylinder seal shows a libation scene. A robed king stands before the ascending Sun God Shamash and pours an offering. The suppliant goddess (with necklace counterweight) stands...
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Terracotta Cylinder of Nebuchadnezzar II
This document records the king’s reconstructive work at the cities of Sippar, Ururk, Ur, Borsippa, Larsa, and Dilbat. It also commemorates the king’s repairing of the temple of Ninkarrak (a form of the healing...