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Aria
Definition by Antoine Simonin

Aria

Aria (or Areia) was always understood to be the area around the Areios River, today Hari Rud in Afghanistan (Arrian, Anabasis IV.6.6). It was bounded to the north by Margiana and Bactria, where the area of the Margos River begins; to the...
Sogdiana
Definition by Antoine Simonin

Sogdiana

Sogdiana (or Sogdia) is a region in Central Asia between the mighty rivers Iaxartes in the north and Oxus in the south. Its eastern and western limits are more difficult to determine, especially since the toponym Sogdiana covered different...
Relics from the Kingdom of Kush & Ancient Nubia
Image Gallery by Patrick Goodman

Relics from the Kingdom of Kush & Ancient Nubia

Kush was a kingdom in North Africa in the region corresponding to modern-day Sudan. The larger region around Kush (later referred to as Nubia) had been inhabited since c. 8,000 BCE, but the Kingdom of Kush rose much later, flourishing between...
White Huns (Hephthalites)
Definition by Muhammad Bin Naveed

White Huns (Hephthalites)

The White Huns were a race of largely nomadic peoples who were a part of the Hunnic tribes of Central Asia. They ruled over an expansive area stretching from the Central Asian lands all the way to the Western Indian Subcontinent. Although...
Fashion & Dress in Ancient Egypt
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Fashion & Dress in Ancient Egypt

Fashion in ancient Egypt epitomized the concept of simplicity and ease in movement and remained relatively unchanged in this regard for over 3,000 years. Clothing and footwear differed in ornamentation between the upper and lower classes...
Old Dongola
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Old Dongola

Old Dongola (aka Dungulah or Dunkula), located in modern Sudan, was the capital of the ancient Nubian kingdom of Dongola (aka Makuria or Makurra) which flourished from the 6th to 14th century CE. A Christian kingdom for at least 750 years...
Commagene
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Commagene

The Kingdom of Commagene (163 BCE - 72 CE) was a Hellenistic political entity, heavily influenced by Armenian and ancient Persian culture and traditions, established in southwestern Anatolia (modern-day Turkey) by Ptolemaeus of Commagene...
A Brief History of Egyptian Art
Article by Joshua J. Mark

A Brief History of Egyptian Art

Art is an essential aspect of any civilization. Once the basic human needs have been taken care of such as food, shelter, some form of community law, and a religious belief, cultures begin producing artwork, and often all of these developments...
Map of the Bosporan Kingdom, c.100 CE
Image by Simeon Netchev

Map of the Bosporan Kingdom, c.100 CE - Gateway Between Steppe, Caucasus, and Rome

The Bosporan Kingdom (c. 480 BCE–341 CE) emerged around the Cimmerian Bosporus (modern Kerch Strait) as a hybrid Greco-local state founded by Greek colonists from cities such as Miletus. Rather than a single unified polity in the modern sense...
Harper's Songs of Ancient Egypt
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Harper's Songs of Ancient Egypt

Harper's songs were lyrics composed in ancient Egypt to be sung at funeral feasts and inscribed on monuments. They derive their name from the image which accompanies the text on tomb or chapel walls, stelae, and papyri in which a blind harper...
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