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Map of the conflict between Caliph Ali (r. 656-661 CE) and Muawiyah I (r. 661 – 680 CE) during the First Fitna (656 – 661 CE), a civil war within the Rashidun Caliphate. The area shaded in green represents the territories of the Caliphate...

Paul the Apostle undertook multiple missionary journeys across the Roman Empire to spread Christianity, establish churches, and strengthen the faith of early Christians. Paul's first missionary journey, accompanied by Barnabas and John Mark...

An 1809 engraving by Thomas Rowlandson from an original drawing by Woodward showing the public's reaction to the first coal gas street lighting in Pall Mall, London in 1807. The new lights were invented by Frederick Albert Winsor (1763-1830...

Icon from the Mégalo Metéoron Monastery in Greece, representing the First Ecumenical Council of Nicaea in 325 CE, with the condemned Arius in the bottom of the icon.

Water is Changed into Blood, the first of the ten plagues of Egypt, watercolor by James Tissot, before 1903.

A model of the first telegraph machine developed by Samuel Morse (1791-1872) of Massachusetts, probably made around 1835. (Science Museum, London)

A reconstruction of a first-class stateroom on RMS Titanic which sank on its maiden voyage on 15 April 1912 after hitting an iceberg in the Atlantic. (From The Titanic Experience exhibition, Orlando, Florida)

Title page of Sir Henry Billingsley's first English version of Euclid's Elements, 1570.

"Slave Auction, 1655: First Slave Auction in New Amsterdam" by Howard Pyle, 1895 CE.

Sam Houston, painting by unknown artist, 1836. Sam Houston (1793-1863), propelled by his victory at the Battle of San Jacinto and defeat of the Mexican army in the Texas Revolution, became the first president of the Republic of Texas, a...