Colombia: Did you mean...?

From wax to metal (de la cera al metal) Goldmaking techniques of the ancient Colombians Created for the exhibition Beyond El Dorado: power and gold in ancient Colombia...

By hammer and fire (a martillo y fuego) Goldmaking techniques of the ancient Colombians Created for the exhibition Beyond El Dorado: power and gold in ancient Colombia...

A map highlighting the areas of settlement of various pre-Columbian civilizations in the northern areas of South America such as the Muisca, Tairona, and Quimbaya

Simón Bolívar (1793-1830), Venezuelan military officer and statesman, mezzotint portrait by Charles Turner, 1827. Known as "The Liberator", Bolívar led several countries in South America to independence from the Spanish Empire...

A Muisca tunjo or votive offering, 1200-1600 CE. This 20 cm long gold alloy raft has figures standing on it wearing jewellery and recalls the coronation ceremony of the Muisca culture which gave rise to the legend of El Dorado. (Museo...

The Battle of Boyacá, a victory during Simón Bolívar's campaign to liberate New Granada from Spain, painted by Martín Tovar y Tovar, 1890. Federal Legislative Palace, Caracas, Venezuela.

The Inca civilization flourished in ancient Peru between c. 1400 and 1533 CE. The Inca Empire eventually extended across western South America from Quito in the north to Santiago in the south. It was the largest empire ever seen...

The Columbian exchange is a term coined by Alfred Crosby Jr. in 1972 that is traditionally defined as the transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Old World of Europe and Africa and the New World of the Americas...

Vasco Núñez de Balboa (1475-1519) was a Spanish conquistador who famously discovered the Pacific Ocean after crossing the isthmus of Panama in 1513. An utterly ruthless adventurer and colonizer, Balboa was as much a danger...

The Spanish Requirement or Requerimiento was a document intended to be read out to and agreed upon by indigenous peoples during the Spanish conquest of the Americas. Created in 1513, the document outlined the history of Christianity...