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Colombian Gold Snail Shell
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Colombian Gold Snail Shell

Gold snail shell, 100 BCE - 1000 CE. Restrepo, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. 14,8 x 30 cm (5.8 x 11.8 inches). Museo del Oro / The Gold's Museum (Bogota, Colombia).
Gold Staff Finial, Zenu Culture
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Gold Staff Finial, Zenu Culture

A gold staff finial made by the Zenúes, a people who belonged to the Zenú tribe of ancient Colombia. It features an owl on the edge with a majestic crest, polished golden wings and false filigree openwork on its chest...
Colombian Gold Helmet
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Colombian Gold Helmet

Gold alloy (tumbaga), 500 BCE - 700 BCE. Colombia. Gold was an important material in ancient Colombia. It had a symbolic association with the creative energy of the Sun. This helmet would not have been used in battle but...
Francisco Pizarro
Definition

Francisco Pizarro

Francisco Pizarro (c. 1478-1541) was a conquistador who led the Spanish conquest of the Inca civilization from 1532. With only a small group of men, Pizarro took advantage of his superior weapons and the fact that the Incas were...
Hernando de Soto
Definition

Hernando de Soto

Hernando de Soto (c. 1500-1542) was a Spanish conquistador who fought in Panama and Nicaragua and accompanied Francisco Pizarro (c. 1478-1541) in the conquest of the Inca civilization in Peru. He famously explored North America...
Pizarro & the Fall of the Inca Empire
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Pizarro & the Fall of the Inca Empire

In 1533 CE the Inca Empire was the largest in the world. It extended across western South America from Quito in the north to Santiago in the south. However, the lack of integration of conquered peoples into that...
Treasure Ports of the Spanish Main
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Treasure Ports of the Spanish Main

The treasure ports of the Spanish Main such as Cartagena, Portobelo, Panama, and Veracruz were used to collect the riches the Spanish Empire had extracted from the Americas, ready for transport in the two annual...
Tumbaga Bells of the Tairona Civilization
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Tumbaga Bells of the Tairona Civilization

Bells made from an alloy of gold and copper (tumbaga) by the Tairona people of Colombia. c. 1500 A.D.
Battle of Cartagena de Indias, 1741
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Battle of Cartagena de Indias, 1741

A Perspective View of the Action at Cartagena, etching, c. 1741. Depicted here is the harbour at Cartagena de Indias, in what is now Colombia, besieged by the Kingdom of Great Britain's Royal Navy during the War...
Lime Container (Poporo), Quimbaya Civilization
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Lime Container (Poporo), Quimbaya Civilization

A Poporo is a container used for storing lime that could be procured by crushing seashells and would later be eaten with coca leaves- a tradition in Pre-Columbian South America. This Poporo, made out of...
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