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John Balliol
Definition by Mark Cartwright

John Balliol

John Balliol ruled as the king of Scotland from 1292 to 1296 CE. He was supported by Edward I of England (r. 1272-1307 CE) in the competition to find the successor to the heirless Alexander III of Scotland (r. 1249-1286 CE), a process known...
The Empire of Alexander the Great
Image by Captain Blood

The Empire of Alexander the Great

A map showing the Empire of Alexander the Great, his conquests, and the routes he took (334 BC - 323 BC). Major cities, roads, and battles are indicated.
Olympias: Mother to Alexander the Great and Second Wife of Phillip II of Macedon
Video by Kelly Macquire

Olympias: Mother to Alexander the Great and Second Wife of Phillip II of Macedon

Olympias, born with the name Myrtle, was the daughter of Neoptolemus, the king of Epirus, which was a Greek kingdom southwest of Macedonia and became the second wife of Philip II of Macedon, and is probably best known as the mother of Alexander...
Severus Alexander Bust, Milan
Image by Mark Cartwright

Severus Alexander Bust, Milan

First half 3rd century CE, this marble bust depicts Emperor Severus Alexander (225-235 CE). Unknown provenance. (Archaeological Museum, Milan)
Meeting of Napoleon and Alexander I at Tilsit, 25 June 1807
Image by Adolphe Roehn

Meeting of Napoleon and Alexander I at Tilsit, 25 June 1807

Emperor Napoleon I of France (r. 1804-1814; 1815) meets with Tsar Alexander I of Russia (1801-1825) on a specially built raft in the middle of the Niemen River to discuss peace. It is one of the most iconic episodes of the Napoleonic Era...
Arch of Alexander Severus, Dougga
Image by Carole Raddato

Arch of Alexander Severus, Dougga

The Arch of Alexander Severus is a Roman triumphal arch located in Dougga Tunisia (ancient Thugga). The arch was built in 228 CE, in gratitude to the emperor for his beneficence towards the city. It functioned as one of the city gates, at...
Aristides & Alexander I, 479 BCE
Image by Unknown artist

Aristides & Alexander I, 479 BCE

Alexander I the Philhellene visits the Greek camp, revealing Mardonius' battle plans to the Athenian general Aristides. Source: M. A. Barth - 'Vorzeit und Gegenwart', Augsbourg, 1832 CE
Portraits of Alexander and a Youth (Hephaestion?)
Image by Caroline Cervera

Portraits of Alexander and a Youth (Hephaestion?)

Marble portraits of Alexander the Great and a youth, perhaps Hephaestion, Alexander's closest companion, c. 325-320 BCE. One of the earliest surviving portraits of Alexander. (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, on loan from the J. Paul...
Statuette of Alexander the Great
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Statuette of Alexander the Great

This statuette once stood as a votive in the ritual chamber of the "Holy House" in Priene (Ionia Region, Turkey). The features of the statuette, as well as attributes like the flowing hair and emotional gaze, are strongly reminiscent of Alexander...
How Alexander Fleming Discovered Penicillin
Video by People Who Changed the World

How Alexander Fleming Discovered Penicillin

Alexander Fleming was a Scottish doctor and microbiologist who discovered the world’s first effective antibiotic: penicillin. This discovery revolutionized medicine, and has been described as the single greatest victory ever achieved over...
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