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Tomb of the Lion of Kuza, Hegra
The Tomb of the Lion of Kuza (Qasr al-Farid) is a 1st-century CE Nabatean unfinished tomb carved into a single huge rock in Hegra (Madain Saleh) in Saudi Arabia, the Kingdom of Nabatea's second capital after Petra. Qasr al-Farid is isolated...

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Jabal al-Ahmar Necropolis in Hegra
The Jabal al-Ahmar Necropolis in Hegra (Mada'in Salih) in modern-day Saudi Arabia is one of the four necropolis areas to have survived. It contains 18 tombs, some of which were recently uncovered. The remains of a 2,000-year-old Nabatean...

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Qasr al-Bint Necropolis in Hegra
The Qasr al-Bint necropolis in Hegra (Mada'in Salih) in modern-day Saudi Arabia is one of the four necropolis areas to have survived. Qasr al-Bint consists of 31 Nabatean tombs dating from 1 to 58 CE. The tombs include fine inscriptions concerning...

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Tombs 21 & 22 of the Qasr al-Bint Necropolis in Hegra
Two tomb façades in Qasr al-Bint (Tombs 21 & 22), one of the necropolises of Hegra (Mada'in Salih) in modern-day Saudi Arabia. Tomb 22 (right) is the oldest dated façade in Hegra (along with Tomb 39). It was carved in 1 BCE, the 9th year...

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Desert Kites
Desert kites are mega-constructions that consist of two long walls converging upon an enclosed space that has on its periphery small stone constructions called cells. Seen from the sky, their shape suggests that of a windborne kite; they...

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A Brief History of the Dog Collar
The dog collar, so often taken for granted, has a long and illustrious history. Anyone fortunate enough to share their life with a dog in the present day is participating in an ancient tradition every time they place a collar around their...

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Kingdom of Axum
The African kingdom of Axum (also Aksum) was located on the northern edge of the highland zone of the Red Sea coast, just above the horn of Africa. It was founded in the 1st century CE, flourished from the 3rd to 6th century CE, and then...

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Punt
The Land of Punt was a region in Africa (most likely Somalia) referenced by inscriptions of ancient Egypt initially as a partner in trade and, later, as a semimythical country rich in resources and exotic goods. It is best known from the...

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Swahili Coast
The Swahili Coast on the shores of East Africa was a region where Africans and Arabs mixed to create a unique identity from the 8th century called Swahili Culture. Swahili is the name of their language and means 'people of the coast.' The...

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Kingdom of Abyssinia
The Kingdom of Abyssinia was founded in the 13th century CE and, transforming itself into the Ethiopian Empire via a series of military conquests, lasted until the 20th century CE. It was established by the kings of the Solomonid dynasty...