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Jabal Ikmah, often referred to as an ‘open-air library’, contains hundreds of inscriptions engraved and carved in relief on the rock faces and boulders of a gorge, not far from Dadan, the seat of the Dadanite and Lihhyanite kingdoms, Saudi...

Jabal Ikmah, often referred to as an 'open-air library', contains hundreds of inscriptions engraved and carved in relief on the rock faces and boulders of a gorge, not far from Dadan, the seat of the Dadanite and Lihhyanite kingdoms, in Saudi...

The Lion Tomb is located in the Qasr al-Bint Nabataean Necropolis of Hegra (now in Saudi Arabia). The façade of the tomb is decorated with a carving of two felines on either side of a rosette. The name of the stonemason who carved the tomb...

Jerash (aka Gerasa, Gerash or Gerasha) is the capital and the largest city of the Jerash Governorate in Jordan, but in ancient times it was one of the wealthiest and most cosmopolitan cities in the ancient Near East. Settled by humans as...

Gertrude Bell (l. 1868-1926) was an archaeologist, travel writer, explorer, and political administrator responsible for creating the borders of the countries of the Near East after World War I and, especially, for the foundation of the modern...

The culture of drinking wine was enjoyed throughout the Mediterranean world, and what is true now was true in antiquity, too: wine is always good business. The Hellenistic Period (c. 335-30 BCE), between Alexander the Great and Cleopatra...

Juba II (c. 48 BCE - 23 CE) was a Numidian prince and the king of Mauretania from c. 25 BCE until his death in 23 CE. He was raised in the household of Julius Caesar (c. 100-44 BCE) and married Cleopatra Selene II (40 - c. 17/5 BCE), the...

Kosrau I (r. 531-579 CE) was the greatest king of the Sassanian Empire (224-651 CE) in virtually every aspect of his reign. He reformed the military, the Persian government, expanded his territories, engaged in large-scale building projects...

The Magi are the visitors who came to Bethlehem to worship the newly-born Jesus of Nazareth in the gospel of Matthew (2:1-2). 'Magi' is a transliteration of the Greek magos from old Persian magus ("powerful") as a reference to the Zoroastrian...

Mavia (r. c. 375-c. 425 CE) was a warrior-queen of the semi-nomadic Tanukhid Arab tribe of Syria and Jordan who led a successful insurrection against Rome in 378 CE. She is also known as Maowiva, Mu`awiya, Mauia, Mania, and Mawiyya. Her control...