Roman provinces: Did you mean...?

The Roman Republic was in death's throes. Within a few short years, the “dictator for life” Julius Caesar would be assassinated, and, as a result, the government would descend into chaos. The consequence of a long...

Nero (37-68 CE) was the fifth Roman emperor, who reigned from 54 to 68 CE. The last emperor of the Julio-Claudian Dynasty, he came to power at the age of 16 with the help of his mother, Agrippina the Younger. Initially...

Trajan's column, erected in 113 CE, stands in Trajan's Forum in Rome and is a commemorative monument decorated with reliefs illustrating Roman emperor Trajan's two military campaigns in Dacia (modern Romania). The column was the...

Legio II Augusta was a legion of the Roman army that, throughout its centuries-long history, had fought in the Cantabrian Wars of 29-19 BCE, Germanicus' German campaigns in 9 CE, the invasion of Britain in 43 CE, and Septimus...

Vestal Virgins (Latin: Vestales) were the priestesses of the Roman goddess of the hearth, Vesta, in the state religion of ancient Rome. At varying times there were four to six priestesses employed. They were the only full-time clergy...

Plebeians were members of the plebs, the hereditary social class of commoners in ancient Rome. Their exclusion from political power by the patricians, who claimed to be the descendants of the first senators, led to Conflict of the...

The upbringing and education of girls in ancient Rome are rarely addressed in ancient sources. A young Roman girl from an affluent family married very young, often in her mid-teens, and girls, according to tradition...

Wall mosaic detail from the podium of the Roman temple at Milreu, Portugal. 4th century CE. The wall mosaic depicts fish, dolphins, and seashells and surrounds the temple podium. Such a colorful...

This image shows the different major types of Roman gladius hispaniensis, the most well-known sword of the Roman army. The image shows the following gladius types: - Republican Gladius - Mainz Gladius -...

Roman Stadium of Philippopolis, photograph by Carole Raddato, Bulgaria, 10 August, 2024. The northern curved end (sphendone) of the Roman Stadium of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv), Bulgaria. Built in the early 2nd...