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French Republican Calendar
Image by Philibert Louis Debucourt

French Republican Calendar

French Republican calendar for Year III (1794-95), drawing by Philibert Louis Debucourt. Bibliothèque nationale de France.
Shapur II
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Shapur II

Shapur II (r. 309-379 CE, also Sapur II) was the tenth monarch of the Sassanian Empire (224-651 CE) and among the most successful. Under his reign – which lasted his entire life – the Avesta (Zoroastrian scripture) was committed to writing...
The Maya Calendar, Culture and History: an Introduction to a Mesoamerican Civilization
Video by Kelly Macquire

The Maya Calendar, Culture and History: an Introduction to a Mesoamerican Civilization

The Maya are a people indigenous to Mexico and Central America who have continuously inhabited the modern regions of Yucatan, Quintana Roo, Campeche, Tabasco, and Chiapas in Mexico and southward through Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador and...
The Gezer Calendar
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

The Gezer Calendar

The Gezer calendar is regarded as the oldest Hebrew inscription as yet known. The inscription is scratched on a tablet of soft, chalky limestone and its lower part is broken and lost. The oblique fracture passes as square thought to have...
Julian of Norwich
Video by Britt Robinson

Julian of Norwich

Short documentary on Julian of Norwich. Directed, Filmed and Edited by Britt Robinson.
Julian of Norwich: Her Secret Scribes
Video by Sheila Crosse

Julian of Norwich: Her Secret Scribes

Julian of Norwich; her secret scribes. The unknown women who kept her book safe for centuries.
Roman Empire
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Roman Empire

The Roman Empire, at its height (c. 117), was the most extensive political and social structure in western civilization. Building upon the foundation laid by the Roman Republic, the empire became the largest and most powerful political and...
Tonalpohualli Mesoamerican Calendar
Image by Richard Graeber

Tonalpohualli Mesoamerican Calendar

A representation of the Tonalpohualli – ‘Counting of the Days’ 260-day calendar used by ancient Mesoamerican cultures. Two systems ran simultaneously with a group of 13 numbered days combined with a group of 20 name days. Thus, each day had...
The Sun Stone (The Calendar Stone), Aztec
Video by Smarthistory

The Sun Stone (The Calendar Stone), Aztec

The Sun Stone (or The Calendar Stone), Aztec, reign of Moctezuma II (1502-20), discovered in 1790 at the southeastern edge of the Plaza Mayor (Zocalo) in Mexico City, stone (unfinished), 358 cm diameter x 98 cm depth (Museo Nacional de...
Cradles of Civilization - The Lunar/Solar Calendar
Video by DrDavidNeiman

Cradles of Civilization - The Lunar/Solar Calendar

The Babylonians developed a calendar based on the moon and sun cycles. The Lunar calendar was designed to work in conjunction with the solar cycle by adding leap months known an "intercalary" months.
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