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Kaskians
The Kaska or Kaskians were a tribe of the Pontus, northern Anatolia (today's Turkey), around the Kizil Irmak river mouth, bordering on and constantly harrasing the Hittite empire. That area is mostly mountainous in nature, and there the Kaska...

Definition
Adad Nirari I
Adad Nirari I (r. 1307-1275 BCE) was the king of the Assyrian Empire who initiated the first major expansion of the Assyrian kingdom from the city of Ashur throughout the region of Mesopotamia. He also instituted what would become standard...

Collection
Ancient Egypt: Government & Religion
Government and religion in ancient Egypt were fully integrated beginning with the First Dynasty of Egypt (c. 3150 to c. 2890 BCE). The king was understood as a representative of a god, the specific deity sometimes changing with different...

Collection
Maya Religion & Culture
Maya religion and culture is among the most advanced and sophisticated of the Pre-Colombian Americas as evidenced by the ruins of their great cities and what remains of their writings after most were burned by the Spanish in 1562. The Maya...

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Rock Relief with Procession of Hittite Deities at Yazilikaya
Rock relief in Chamber A of the Yazilikaya Hittite Sanctuary (13th century BCE) near Hattusa depicting a procession of male deities. They all wear shoes curling up at the toe, and many are armed with either a sickle-shaped sword or a mace...

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Hittite Orthostat with Acrobats
Hittite orthostate relief depicting a conjurer and acrobats. The performer on the left swallows a sword, the smaller acrobat goes up the stairs without holding on. 14th century BCE. Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, Ankara (Turkey).

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Hittite Orthostat with King and Queen
Hittite orthostat relief from Alacahöyük depicting a king and a queen in front of the altar. The King carries the kingdom sceptre (lituus) in his right hand and extends his left hand forward for worship. 14th century BCE. Museum of Anatolian...

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Hittite Empire c. 1300 BCE
The Hittite Empire at its maximum extension c. 1300 BCE (indicated in red. The Eyptian area of influence is indicated in green).

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Winged Hittite Griffin-Demons
Relief orthostat (stone slab at the base of a wall) depicting two winged griffin demons, depicted as bird-headed with a human body. From Carchemish, Turkey. Dated to the Late Hittite period, 9-7th century BCE. Museum of Anatolian Civilization...

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Map of the Hittite Empire
A map showing the Hittite Empire in c. 1350-1300 BCE (dark green line) and at its maximum extent (light green area).