Francis I of France: Did you mean...?

The Hundred Years' War (1337-1453) was an intermittent conflict fought between England and France that started when king Edward III of England (r. 1327-1377) squabbled with Philip VI of France (r. 1328-1350) over feudal rights concerning...

Banquet (en grand couvert) at the court in Vienna, oil on canvas attributed to Johan Lundberg, 1734. The couple seated on the right of the painting are Maria Theresa, future ruler of the Habsburg monarchy, and Francis Stephen, who would...

Portrait of Francis Beaumont (1584-1616), English playwright of the Jacobean Era and frequent collaborator with John Fletcher. This mezzotint print is by Francis Kyte, after an unknown artist, circa 1740s. National Portrait Gallery, London...

On 20 April 1792, King Louis XVI of France (r. 1774-1792) stood before the Legislative Assembly and, with a faltering voice, read a declaration of war against Austria, to the ecstatic delight of the gathered deputies. This declaration sealed...

Margaret of Valois' eyewitness account of St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre is among the most famous and the only written record of the event left by a member of the royal family of France at the time. Her account appears in her memoirs as Letter...

As the Protestant Reformation emerged in France in the early 16th century, the city of Meaux became one of the first centers of controversy. Bishop Guillaume Briçonnet II undertook a campaign to reform the Catholic Church from within and...

Portrait of Francis Harry Compton Crick, photograph by Godfrey Argent, 1970. Depicted here is English molecular biologist Francis Crick (1916-2004), whose work with American molecular biologist James Watson (1928-2025) led to the discovery...

There was a bitter rivalry between France and England throughout the 14th and 15th century CE and their frequent battles in this period are now known to history as the Hundred Years' War (1337-1453 CE). In this collection of resources, we...

A map showing the circumnavigation of the globe by Francis Drake (c. 1540-1596 CE). The voyage was undertaken in 1577-80 CE in the Golden Hind.

Watson and Crick at Banbury meeting, 1983. A photograph of the co-discoverers of DNA's structure, James Watson (1928-2025) and Francis Crick (1916-2004), posing in front of a double helix model at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory's Banbury...