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Cylinder of Ashurbanipal II
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Cylinder of Ashurbanipal II

Clay cylinder of the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal II (reigned 668-626 BCE). The cuneiform inscriptions on this cylinder talk about Nemitti-Ellil (or Nemet-Enlil) and the inner wall of Babylon's double city walls. From Iraq...
Ancient Persian Warfare
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Ancient Persian Warfare

The ancient Persian military evolved from the earlier armed forces of the Medes which, in turn, developed from the warrior class of the indigenous people of the Iranian Plateau, the Aryan migrants (including the Persians...
Ancient Persia and the Achaemenid Persian Empire
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Ancient Persia and the Achaemenid Persian Empire

The region of ancient Persia, which is modern-day Iran, has one of the longest histories, reaching back to the Palaeolithic Age, some one hundred thousand years ago. Between circa 1500 and 1000 BCE, a...
Cylinder Seal with Ninurta
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Cylinder Seal with Ninurta

Grey or brown chalcedony cylinder seal in the modelled style; a bearded god (Ninurta), wearing a square, star-topped, horned head-dress and a vertically striated, tiered, fringed open robe over a fringed kilt, with a star-tipped...
Terracotta Cylinder of King Nabonidus
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Terracotta Cylinder of King Nabonidus

This cylinder includes three columns of cuneiform inscriptions that record the reconstruction and restoration of the temple of Shamash, the sun God, at Larsa, by the last king of Babylon, Nabonidus. Probably from...
Terracotta Clay Cylinder of King Nebuchadnezzar II
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Terracotta Clay Cylinder of King Nebuchadnezzar II

The three columns of cuneiform inscriptions on this cylinder mention the building and reconstruction of various shrines, quays, gates, and processional boats by king Nebuchadnezzar II at Babylon for...
Cylinder Seal of Menkaure
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Cylinder Seal of Menkaure

On this basalt cylinder seal, the name of the Egyptian pharaoh Menkaure (2532 - c. 2500 BCE) appears within a cartouche. From Egypt, precise provenance is unknown. Old Kingdom, 4th Dynasty, reign of Menkaure, 2539-2511...
Cylinder of Warad-Sin of Larsa
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Cylinder of Warad-Sin of Larsa

An inscribed clay cylinder of Warad-Sin, ruler of Larsa. From Babylon (modern Babel Governorate, Iraq). 1834-1823 BCE. (The Pergamon Museum, Berlin).
Fragment of an Ivory Cylinder from Fort Shalmaneser
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Fragment of an Ivory Cylinder from Fort Shalmaneser

This is a fragment of an ivory cylinder. The original decorative insets are lost. Neo-Assyrian Period, 8th century BCE. From Fort Shalmaneser at Nimrud, Mesopotamia, modern-day Iraq. A loan from the...
Babylon
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Babylon - The Gate of the Gods

Babylon is the most famous city from ancient Mesopotamia, whose ruins lie in modern-day Hillah, Iraq, 59 miles (94 km) southwest of Baghdad. The name is derived from bav-il or bav-ilim, which in Akkadian meant "Gate...
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