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Origins of World Agriculture
Article by James Hancock

Origins of World Agriculture

Agriculture arose independently at several locations across the world, beginning about 12,000 years ago. The first crops and livestock were domesticated in six rather diffuse areas including the Near East, China, Southeast Asia, and Africa...
Prince Henry the Navigator
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Prince Henry the Navigator

Prince Henry the Navigator (aka Infante Dom Henrique, 1394-1460) was a Portuguese prince who famously helped capture the North African city of Ceuta, sponsored voyages of exploration with the aim of building colonies in the North Atlantic...
Ancient and Medieval Gold Trade in West Africa
Video by Kelly Macquire

Ancient and Medieval Gold Trade in West Africa

Did you know that the Ghana king would automatically keep any gold nugget extracted that weighed between 25 grams and half a kilo? This video is all about the lucrative gold trade of ancient and medieval West Africa. West Africa was...
Map of Africa after the Treaty of Versailles, c.1920
Image by Simeon Netchev

Map of Africa after the Treaty of Versailles, c.1920

In the aftermath of World War I (1914–1918), Africa remained overwhelmingly under European colonial domination, despite widespread African participation in the war effort. While the conflict weakened several European powers, it did not dismantle...
Torch - The North Africa Landings
Image by F.A.Hudson - Imperial War Museums

Torch - The North Africa Landings

A photograph showing Allied troops landing in Algeria, North Africa as part of Operation Torch, the Allied North Africa Landings of November 1942. (Imperial War Museums)
Portuguese Angola
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Portuguese Angola

Portuguese Angola in southwest Africa was the first European colony on that continent. While settlement from 1571 proved problematic in the interior, the Portuguese did obtain a large number of slaves which they shipped to their Atlantic...
Map of Roman North Africa (146 BCE - 395 CE)
Image by Simeon Netchev

Map of Roman North Africa (146 BCE - 395 CE)

This map illustrates the scope and administrative organization of the Roman provinces in North Africa, from the initial conquest in 146 BCE to their full integration into the empire. Following the destruction of Carthage at the end of the...
The History and Description of Africa by Leo Africanus
Image by Clare Britt

The History and Description of Africa by Leo Africanus

An early title page from The History and Description of Africa by Leo Africanus (1485-1554), first published in 1526.
Italian Colonialism in Eritrea
Article by Fabio Sappino

Italian Colonialism in Eritrea

Eritrea, located on the Red Sea coast of the Horn of Africa, was the ‘firstborn’ colony of Italy. The potential of a trade centre and naval base at Assab first attracted Italian interests in 1869. The Kingdom of Italy, however, did not officially...
First Battle of El Alamein
Article by Mark Cartwright

First Battle of El Alamein

The First Battle of El Alamein (1-27 July 1942) was a series of encounters during the Second World War (1939-1945) in Egypt between Allied and Axis forces. The battle, focussed around the El Alamein defensive line, ended without a decisive...
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