Caliphate of Cordoba: Did you mean...?

In the late 8th century CE, the interconnected caravan routes later termed the “Silk Road” formed a transcontinental system linking East Asia, Central Asia, the Islamic world, and parts of Europe. The...

The vector version of the iconic calligraphy of the founder of the Rashidun Caliphate, Abu Bakr (c. 573 CE – 634 CE), which is prominent in the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, Turkey.

Illustration of the Battle of Yarmouk (636) at the bottom of the page of an early 14th Century CE manuscript. The forces of the Rashidun Caliphate are shown with a star and crescent banner, while the Byzantines...

Islamic coin of Arab-Sasanian origin. From Bishapur, Persia. Made c. 651-661 CE, during the Rashidun Caliphate. Left: Sasanian style bust imitating Kosrau II (r. 590-628 CE). Right: Fire altar with ribbons and attendants...

A 16th Century CE painting of Harun al-Rashid (r. 786 - 809 CE), caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate.

The Siege of Constantinople by the Umayyad Caliphate in 717 – 718 CE, as depicted in the 14th-century Bulgarian translation of the Constantine Manasses Chronicle. The image has been digitally retouched.

A map showing the conquest of Byzantine Egypt by the Rashidun Caliphate (640-642 CE), led by Amr ibn al-Aas and al-Zubayr ibn al-Awamm.

Folio from a manuscript of the Tarikhnama (Persian: "Book of History") by Muhammad Bal'ami (10th Century CE). The folio depicts As-Saffah (r. 750 - 754 CE), founder of the Abbasid Caliphate, being proclaimed caliph...

Batalla de Guadalete (Spanish for "The Battle of Guadalete") by the Spanish painter Salvador Martinez Cubells (1845-1914 CE). The painting depicts the historical Battle of Guadalete in 711 CE, fought between the Umayyad...

Northwest Africa after 743 CE, when the Umayyad Caliphate had been overthrown in the region by the Berber Revolt of 739 - 743 CE.