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The First Christian Missionaries
Article by Rebecca Denova

The First Christian Missionaries

According to Luke's Acts of the Apostles, the last thing Jesus did before he bodily ascended to heaven was to commission the disciples to 'witness' to his teachings. 'Disciple' meant 'student' and was derived from the various schools of philosophy...
Colchis & Iberia in Antiquity
Article by Tedo Dundua

Colchis & Iberia in Antiquity

Colchis (western Georgia) and Kartli/Iberia (eastern and southern Georgia) were important regions in the Caucasus area of Eurasia from the Bronze Age of the 15th century BCE. Prospering through agriculture and trade, the region attracted...
Historical Problems in the Trial(s) & Crucifixion in the Gospels
Article by Rebecca Denova

Historical Problems in the Trial(s) & Crucifixion in the Gospels

The story of the trial and crucifixion of Jesus Christ is reenacted every year by Christians all over the world in the Easter liturgy. The story has become an essential article of faith and is rarely questioned by New Testament scholars and...
Women in the New Testament
Article by Rebecca Denova

Women in the New Testament

Women in the New Testament are presented for the most part along the contours of both Jewish and Greco-Roman concepts of the social construction of gender roles. Women’s value to society was in their role in procreation. There are some exceptions...
Origins of Christian Antisemitism in the Gospels
Article by Rebecca Denova

Origins of Christian Antisemitism in the Gospels

Antisemitism is a modern term that describes prejudice and hostility to Jews and Judaism. The term is derived from the later social scientific categorization of the subfamily of the Afro-Asiatic languages of Hebrew, Aramaic, Arabic, and Amharic...
Interview: King of the World by Matt Waters
Interview by Kelly Macquire

Interview: King of the World by Matt Waters

In this interview, World History Encyclopedia sits down with author Matt Waters to chat about his new book King of the World: The Life of Cyrus the Great published by Oxford University Press. Kelly: Can you tell us a bit about your book...
Brick Stamped with the Name of Nebuchadnezzar II
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Brick Stamped with the Name of Nebuchadnezzar II

King Nebuchadnezzar II's building program at Babylon used around 15,000,000 baked bricks. Thousands bore his name and titles stamped into the clay: "Nebuchadnezzar...the eldest son of Nabopolassar, King of Babylon, am I". On this brick, a...
Parthian Stele from Ashur
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Parthian Stele from Ashur

The Aramaic inscription says that this stele was erected in the 324th year of the Seleucid calendar (12-13 CE) by Sanashu's son, Re'n-tayar, the esteemed shepherd, for the goddess Sherua. Parthian, first century CE. From Ashur (Assur), Northern...
Goddess Al-Lat and an Elderly God from Hatra
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Goddess Al-Lat and an Elderly God from Hatra

This limestone slab carved in relief shows two deities. On the right, the goddess Al-Lat is depicted, she wears a military dress and helmet and holds a spear in her right hand and a shield in her left arm. Her appearance is similar to Athena...
Murashu Tablets
Image by Penn Museum

Murashu Tablets

Tablet B5304, Murashu Archive. Contract for the supply of dates, written in Akkadian with a summary in Aramaic.
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