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Map of Viking Exploration, 8th-11th Century
This map illustrates the sweep of Viking exploration between the late 8th and early 11th centuries, charting longship routes from Scandinavia to the British Isles, Normandy, Iberia, Russia, the Mediterranean, and across the North Atlantic...
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Map of the First Three Crusades & the 12th-Century Outremer
These maps illustrate the trajectory of the early Crusades (1096–1192), a series of military campaigns launched by the medieval Latin Church with the declared goal of reclaiming the Holy Land—centered between the Mediterranean Sea and the...
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Byzantine & Persian Empires in the 7th Century
A map showing the extent of the Byzantine Empire and the Sasanian Empire in the 7th century.
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Map of the Hellenic Leagues and Hegemonies, 4th century BCE
The political landscape of the Hellenic world shifted dramatically in the aftermath of the Peloponnesian War (431–404 BCE), a conflict that ended with Sparta’s victory but left the Greek city-states militarily exhausted and politically fragmented...
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The Columbian Exchange in the 15th century
An infographic illustrating the exchange of diseases, animals, plants, populations, and technology between the Americas, Africa, and Eurasia in the wake of Christopher Columbus' 1492 voyage across the Atlantic, known as the "Columbian Exchange"...
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Map of the Early Christian Pilgrimage (4th-5th Century)
The rise of Christian pilgrimage begins after the conversion of Emperor Constantine (reign 306–337 CE) and the legalization of Christianity in the Edict of Milan (313 CE). The word pilgrim comes from the Latin peregrinus meaning “stranger”...
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Map of 12th-Century France
A map showing the various counties and duchies of France at the end of the 12th century.
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Asia Minor in the Early 1st Century CE
Map of Asia Minor in the early 1st century CE with the Kingdom of Commagene as a Roman client state.
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Central Europe 5th century CE
Map showing central Europe in the 5th century CE.
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Family Tree of the Royal Dynasty of Macedon in the 4th Century BCE
Family tree of the Royal Dynasty of Macedon in the 4th Century BCE. From Unearthing the Family of Alexander the Great. Grant (2019) p76. Used with permission from Pen & Sword Books.
