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Exploring Roman Morocco
Article

Exploring Roman Morocco

Morocco, then known as Mauretania, was annexed by the Roman Empire in 40 CE. The Romans in Morocco left a vast legacy with archaeological sites that dot the country's northern landscape, especially Volubilis, with its vestiges...
Camel Caravan, Morocco
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Camel Caravan, Morocco

A modern camel caravan in Morocco.
Moroccan Crises
Definition

Moroccan Crises - German v. French Imperialism

The Moroccan Crises were two international incidents, the first in 1905-6 and the second in 1911, when Imperial Germany, eager to expand its empire, threatened France's presence in Morocco. France's position...
Fatima Al-Fihri and Al-Qarawiyyin University
Article

Fatima Al-Fihri and Al-Qarawiyyin University

Fatima Al-Fihri (c. 800-880) was a Muslim woman, scholar and philanthropist who is credited with founding the world’s oldest, continuously running university during the 9th century: the University of Al-Qarawiyyin...
Operation Torch
Definition

Operation Torch

Operation Torch (aka the North Africa landings) landed Allied troops in French Morocco and Algeria on 8 November 1942 with the aim of removing German and Italian forces from North Africa. The first jointly-planned Allied operation...
The Legacy of Charles Martel & the Battle of Tours
Article

The Legacy of Charles Martel & the Battle of Tours

The Battle of Poitiers aka the Battle of Tours took place over roughly a week in early October of 732. The opposing sides consisted of a Frankish army led by Charles Martel (r. 718-741) against an invading...
Timbuktu
Definition

Timbuktu - West Africa's Great Trading Centre

Timbuktu (Timbuctoo) is a city in Mali, West Africa which was an important trade centre of the Mali Empire which flourished between the 13th and 15th centuries. The city, founded c. 1100, gained wealth from...
Ibn Battuta
Definition

Ibn Battuta

Ibn Battuta (l. 1304-1368/69) was a Moroccan explorer from Tangier whose expeditions took him further than any other traveler of his time and resulted in his famous work, The Rihla of Ibn Battuta. Scholar Douglas Bullis notes that...
Umayyad Dynasty
Definition

Umayyad Dynasty

The Umayyad Dynasty (661-750 CE), the first dynasty to take the title of Caliphate, was established in 661 CE by Muawiya (l. c. 602-680 CE), who had served as the governor of Syria under the Rashidun Caliphate, after the death...
Scramble for Africa
Definition

Scramble for Africa - How European Empires Took Over a Continent

The Scramble for Africa describes the competition between European imperial powers to first control trade and then territory in Africa in the final two decades of the 19th century. The reasons...
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