Thessaly was an independent state in medieval Greece from 1267 or 1268 to 1394 CE, first as the Greek-ruled Thessaly and later as the Catalan and Latin-ruled Duchy of Neopatras. Under its sebastokrators, Thessaly was a thorn in the side of the Byzantine Empire and an ally of the Latin states in Greece and southern Italy. Following the death of the last Thessalian sebastokrator in 1318 CE, the Duchy of Neopatras was established by the Catalans and combined with the Duchy of Athens, with the two states mostly sharing the same rulers and fortunes until Thessaly was finally conquered by the Ottoman Turks in 1423 CE.
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Definition
Timeline
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c. 1267The independent state of Thessaly is established under John I Doukas.
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c. 1267 - 1289Reign of John I Doukas in Thessaly.
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1277Attempted Byzantine invasion of Thessaly.
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1282Attempted Byzantine invasion of Thessaly failed due to the death of Michael VIII Palaiologos.
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1289 - 1303Reign of Constantine Doukas in Thessaly.
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1289 - 1299Reign of Theodore Doukas in Thessaly.
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1295Byzantine Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos grants the title of sebastokrator to Constantine and Theodore Doukas of Thessaly.
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1303 - 1318Reign of John II Doukas in Thessaly.
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1309Walter of Brienne, Duke of Athens, engages the Catalan Company to bring Thessaly under Athenian control.
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1311Battle of Halmyros: the Catalan Company defeats and kills Walter of Brienne, Duke of Athens.
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1318Dissolution of Thessaly upon the death of John II Doukas.
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1319 - 1394Duchy of Neopatras, under the Duchy of Athens.
