Peter I of Russia (Peter the Great) was the Tsar of Russia from 1682-1721 and Emperor of Russia from 1721-1725. During his long reign, Peter had absolute power and brought real change to Russia, including building its first navy, introducing industrialisation, establishing educational institutions and creating the new Russian capital, St. Petersburg.
More about: Peter the GreatDefinition
Timeline
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30 May 1672 - 28 Jan 1725Life of Peter the Great.
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1676Tsar Alexis dies and Feodor becomes tsar.
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1682Tsar Feodor dies.
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May 1682The Streltsy Revolt.
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6 Jul 1682The joint coronation of Peter the Great and Tsar Ivan.
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Jun 1688Peter the Great sees an English boat which starts his dream of building his own navy.
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1689Sophia's regency ends.
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27 Jan 1689Peter the Great marries Eudoxia Lopukhina.
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1695The First Azov Campaign takes place.
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1696The Second Azov Campaign takes place.
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1696Tsar Ivan dies leaving Peter the sole ruler of Russia.
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1697 - 1698The Grand Embassy of Peter the Great across Western Europe.
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9 Mar 1697The Grand Embassy departs Moscow.
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7 Aug 1697Peter and the Grand Embassy arrive in Holland (Amsterdam).
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7 Jan 1698Peter leaves Holland and travels to England.
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11 Jan 1698Peter arrives in London, England.
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23 Jan 1698Peter pays a formal visit to King William III of England at Kensington Palace.
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3 Mar 1698William III of England gifts Peter a royal yacht.
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18 Apr 1698Peter meets with King William III for the last time.
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2 May 1698Peter leaves England and returns to Holland.
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15 May 1698The Grand Embassy leaves Holland and travels to Vienna, Austria.
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19 Jul 1698Peter leaves Vienna and travels to Poland.
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4 Sep 1698The Grand Embassy arrives back in Moscow, Russia.
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5 Sep 1698Tsar Peter I of Russia officially imposes his beard tax to modernize the country through a clean-shaven look popular in Europe. Men were told to either shave their beards or pay an annual tax to keep them and police were authorized to publicly shave those who refused to pay. Those who paid were issued a token they were required to carry and show to officials when asked. The tax continued until it was abolished by Catherine the Great in 1772.
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1699The Treaty of Carlowitz is signed with the Ottoman Empire.
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1700 - 1721The Great Northern War between Russia and Sweden.
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1701The Monastery Office is formed.
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1702Peter the Great welcomes foreigners to Russia.
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1703Construction of St. Petersburg begins at the River Neva.
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1703The first Russian newspaper is published.
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27 May 1703St. Petersburg is founded by Tsar Peter the Great on the banks of the Neva River, serving as the capital of the Russian Empire for 200 years between 1712-1918.
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1704Grand Duchess Sophia, the former regent of Russia, dies.
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1707Peter the Great secretly marries Marta Skavronskaya (Catherine I of Russia).
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1707The first hospital is built in Moscow.
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1707The Russian alphabet is reformed.
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1708Peter the Great splits Russia into eight provincial governorates.
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8 Jul 1709The Battle of Poltava is fought in the region of present-day Ukraine between the forces of the Swedish Empire under Carl Gustaf Rehnskiold and those of the Tsardom of Russia under Tsar Peter I, resulting in a Russian victory, the end of Swedish influence in European politics, and the rise of Russia.
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1711The Russian Senate is created.
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1712Peter the Great and Marta Skavronskaya (Catherine I of Russia) marry for the second time - this time publicly.
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1712St. Petersburg becomes the new capital city of Russia.
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1714Peter the Great orders that mathematics teachers teach the children of the landowners.
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1715Peter the Great creates the Inspector General of Decrees to oversee the Senate.
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1715Peter the Great decrees that all towns would have hospitals.
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1718Feofan Prokopovich is made the Chief Ecclesiastical Advisor of the Russian Orthodox Church.
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1718Peter the Great establishes nine colleges.
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1720Peter the Great orders the Senate to establish the General Master of Petitions.
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1721The Spiritual Regulation is established in Russia.
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1722The Table of Ranks is introduced in Russia.
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1725Marta Skavronskaya becomes empress of Russia as Catherine I of Russia.
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28 Jan 1725Peter the Great dies.
