Religious practice in medieval Europe (c. 476-1500) was dominated and informed by the Catholic Church. The majority of the population was Christian, and "Christian" at this time meant "Catholic" as there was initially no other form of that religion. The perceived corruption of the medieval Church, however, inspired the movement known today as the Protestant Reformation.
More about: The Medieval ChurchDefinition
Timeline
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c. 476 CE - 1500 CEThe Catholic Church holds supreme power in Europe during the Middle Ages.
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c. 1118 CE - 1170 CELife of the Saint Thomas Becket.
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1164 CEIn the Constitutions of Clarendon Henry II of England sets out the primacy of Common Law.
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Jan 1414 CEHenry V of England quashes riots by the heretical Lollards.
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1517 CE - 1648 CEThe Protestant Reformation breaks the power of the Catholic Church.