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![John Stuart Mill](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/18481.png?v=1717635427)
Definition
John Stuart Mill
John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) was a highly influential English philosopher of the Victorian Era. His writings were influenced by the Enlightenment thinkers and German Romanticism. Besides philosophical works, he wrote on mathematics, language...
![The Royal House of Stuart](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/16366.png?v=1674468815)
Collection
The Royal House of Stuart
The Stuart royal line (originally spelt Stewart) was founded in Scotland when Robert II took the throne in 1371. James VI of Scotland (in England known as James I) then unified the Scottish and English crowns following the death of Elizabeth...
![George I of Great Britain](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/16887.png?v=1673620767)
Definition
George I of Great Britain
George I of Great Britain (r. 1714-1727) succeeded the last of the Stuart monarchs, Queen Anne of Great Britain (r. 1702-1714) because he was Anne's nearest Protestant relative. The House of Hanover secured its position as the new ruling...
![James Francis Edward Stuart](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/16350.png?v=1706303883)
Image
James Francis Edward Stuart
A portrait of James Stuart, son of James II of England. Known later as the Old Pretender because he claimed the throne abdicated by his father, James was born on 10 June 1688, and the arrival of a Catholic heir was one of the causes of the...
![Family Tree of the Royal House of Stuart 1603-1714](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/16366.png?v=1674468815)
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Family Tree of the Royal House of Stuart 1603-1714
An image illustrating the family tree of the Stuarts (sometimes spelled Stewart or Steuart) a ruling dynasty of Scotland from 1371 and of England from 1603, from a personal union of crowns in the United Kingdom until the establishment of...
![John Stuart Mill by Watts](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/18481.png?v=1717635427)
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John Stuart Mill by Watts
An 1873 oil-on-canvas portrait by George Frederic Watts of John Stuart Mill (1806-1873), a major proponent of Utilitarianism. (National Portrait Gallery, London)
![Photograph of John Stuart Mill](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/18482.png?v=1707984072)
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Photograph of John Stuart Mill
A c. 1870 photograph of John Stuart Mill (1806-1873), a major proponent of Utilitarianism. (Hulton Archive/London Stereoscopic Company)
![James Francis Edward Stuart](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/16896.png?v=1712621643)
Image
James Francis Edward Stuart
A c. 1720 portrait of James II of England’s exiled son James Francis Edward Stuart (1688-1766), also known as the Old Pretender since he claimed the crown of Great Britain which had since passed on to the House of Hanover and George I of...
![James II of England](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/16308.png?v=1716226563)
Definition
James II of England
James II of England (r. 1685-1688) reigned briefly as the king of England, Scotland, and Ireland until he was deposed by the Glorious Revolution of November 1688. James, also known as James VII of Scotland, was the fourth Stuart monarch...
![Mary II of England](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/16355.png?v=1662621115)
Definition
Mary II of England
Mary II of England (r. 1689-1694) ruled jointly with her husband William III of England (r. 1689-1702) until her death from smallpox. While William suffered a xenophobic reaction to his rule, Mary represented the continuity of the Royal House...